Reducing Black Carbon Emissions from Diesel Vehicles : Impacts, Control Strategies, and Cost-Benefit Analysis

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dc.creatorWorld Bank
dc.date2014-04-15T18:02:25Z
dc.date2014-04-15T18:02:25Z
dc.date2014-04-02
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-01T00:49:17Z
dc.descriptionA 2013 scientific assessment of black carbon emissions and impacts found that black carbon is second to carbon dioxide in terms of its climate forcing. High concentrations of black carbon in the atmosphere can change precipitation patterns and reduce the amount of radiation that reaches the Earth's surface, which affects local agriculture. Acute and chronic exposures to particulate matter are associated with a range of diseases, including chronic bronchitis and asthma, as well as premature deaths from cardiopulmonary disease, lung cancer, and acute lower respiratory infections. The transportation sector accounted for approximately 19 percent of global black carbon emissions in the year 2000. This report aims to inform efforts to control black carbon emissions from diesel-based transportation in developing countries. It presents a summary of emissions control approaches from developed countries, while recognizing that developing countries face a number of on-the-ground implementation challenges. This study applies a new cost-benefit analysis methodology to four simulated diesel black carbon emissions control projects - diesel retrofit in Istanbul, green freight (plus retrofit) in Sao Paulo, fuel and vehicle standards in Jakarta, and compressed natural gas (CNG) buses in Cebu taking into account the additional climate benefits of black carbon reductions. While this report focuses on quantifying just the health and climate benefits of transport interventions, it also serves to highlight the challenges that can be faced when undertaking more comprehensive evaluation of transport projects. A cost-benefit framework for economic analysis of diesel black carbon emissions control transport projects is also presented that factors in both climate and health benefits. Historically, technical interventions to control diesel black carbon emissions in developed countries have successfully relied on fuel quality improvements and vehicle emissions standards.
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.formattext/plain
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2014/04/19342185/reducing-black-carbon-emissions-diesel-vehicles-impacts-control-strategies-cost-benefit-analysis
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/17785
dc.identifierhttps://doi.org/10.1596/17785
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/411517
dc.languageEnglish
dc.languageen_US
dc.publisherWashington, DC
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectADVANCED ENGINE
dc.subjectAEROSOL PRECURSORS
dc.subjectAEROSOLS
dc.subjectAIR
dc.subjectAIR POLLUTION
dc.subjectAIR QUALITY
dc.subjectAIR QUALITY STANDARDS
dc.subjectAIR-FUEL MIXTURES
dc.subjectAMBIENT POLLUTION
dc.subjectAMMONIA
dc.subjectASH
dc.subjectATMOSPHERE
dc.subjectBASELINE EMISSIONS
dc.subjectBIOMASS
dc.subjectBLACK CARBON
dc.subjectBLACK CARBON EMISSIONS
dc.subjectBUS
dc.subjectBUS FLEET
dc.subjectBUS PURCHASE
dc.subjectBUS REPLACEMENT
dc.subjectBUSES
dc.subjectCARB
dc.subjectCARBON BUS
dc.subjectCARBON DIOXIDE
dc.subjectCARBON EMISSIONS
dc.subjectCARBON FRACTION
dc.subjectCARBON MASS
dc.subjectCARBON MONOXIDE
dc.subjectCARBON REDUCTIONS
dc.subjectCARBON-DIOXIDE-EQUIVALENT
dc.subjectCARCINOGENS
dc.subjectCATALYSTS
dc.subjectCATALYTIC CONVERTER
dc.subjectCHRONIC BRONCHITIS
dc.subjectCLASSES OF VEHICLES
dc.subjectCLEAN AIR
dc.subjectCLEAN FUEL
dc.subjectCLEAN FUELS
dc.subjectCLEAN TRANSPORTATION
dc.subjectCLEANER FUELS
dc.subjectCLIMATE
dc.subjectCLIMATE CHANGE
dc.subjectCLOUDS
dc.subjectCO
dc.subjectCO2
dc.subjectCOLORS
dc.subjectCOMBUSTION
dc.subjectCOMBUSTION CHAMBER
dc.subjectCOMBUSTION SOURCES
dc.subjectCOMMERCIAL VEHICLES
dc.subjectCOMPRESSED NATURAL GAS
dc.subjectCONCENTRATIONS
dc.subjectCONGESTION
dc.subjectCONGESTION CHARGING
dc.subjectCOST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS
dc.subjectCRYOSPHERE
dc.subjectDESULFURIZATION
dc.subjectDIESEL
dc.subjectDIESEL BUS
dc.subjectDIESEL BUSES
dc.subjectDIESEL COMBUSTION
dc.subjectDIESEL EMISSIONS
dc.subjectDIESEL ENGINES
dc.subjectDIESEL FUEL
dc.subjectDIESEL PARTICULATE
dc.subjectDIESEL PARTICULATE EMISSIONS
dc.subjectDIESEL VEHICLES
dc.subjectDRIVERS
dc.subjectDRIVING
dc.subjectEFFECTIVE EMISSIONS
dc.subjectEMISSION
dc.subjectEMISSION FACTOR
dc.subjectEMISSION LEVELS
dc.subjectEMISSION REDUCTIONS
dc.subjectEMISSION STANDARD
dc.subjectEMISSION STANDARDS
dc.subjectEMISSIONS CONTROL
dc.subjectEMISSIONS CONTROLS
dc.subjectEMISSIONS CUTS
dc.subjectEMISSIONS ESTIMATES
dc.subjectEMISSIONS FROM TRANSPORTATION
dc.subjectEMISSIONS LEVELS
dc.subjectEMISSIONS LIMITS
dc.subjectEMISSIONS PERFORMANCE
dc.subjectEMISSIONS POLICY
dc.subjectEMISSIONS REDUCTION
dc.subjectEMISSIONS REDUCTION STRATEGY
dc.subjectEMISSIONS REDUCTIONS
dc.subjectEMISSIONS STANDARDS
dc.subjectEMISSIVITY
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
dc.subjectEXHAUST CONCENTRATIONS
dc.subjectEXHAUST EMISSIONS
dc.subjectEXHAUST GASES
dc.subjectFLEET EMISSIONS
dc.subjectFLEETS
dc.subjectFOOT TRAFFIC
dc.subjectFOSSIL FUEL
dc.subjectFRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE
dc.subjectFREIGHT
dc.subjectFUEL
dc.subjectFUEL CONSUMPTION
dc.subjectFUEL COSTS
dc.subjectFUEL ECONOMY
dc.subjectFUEL EFFICIENCY
dc.subjectFUEL EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT
dc.subjectFUEL EFFICIENCY STANDARDS
dc.subjectFUEL INJECTION
dc.subjectFUEL PRICE
dc.subjectFUEL QUALITY
dc.subjectFUEL SULFUR
dc.subjectFUEL SUPPLY
dc.subjectFUEL SWITCHING
dc.subjectFUEL TAX
dc.subjectFUEL TAXATION
dc.subjectFUEL TYPE
dc.subjectGASES
dc.subjectGASOLINE
dc.subjectGASOLINE DIESEL
dc.subjectGASOLINE VEHICLES
dc.subjectGLACIERS
dc.subjectGLOBAL WARMING
dc.subjectGLOBAL WARMING POTENTIAL
dc.subjectGWP
dc.subjectHC
dc.subjectHEAVY VEHICLE
dc.subjectHEAVY VEHICLES
dc.subjectHEAVY-DUTY VEHICLES
dc.subjectHIGHWAY
dc.subjectHIGHWAYS
dc.subjectHYDROCARBONS
dc.subjectIMPROVEMENTS IN VEHICLE EFFICIENCY
dc.subjectINJECTION SYSTEM
dc.subjectINSPECTION
dc.subjectIPCC
dc.subjectLIGHT-DUTY VEHICLES
dc.subjectLIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS
dc.subjectLIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS
dc.subjectLNG
dc.subjectMASS EMISSIONS
dc.subjectMETALS
dc.subjectMETHANE
dc.subjectMODE SHIFT
dc.subjectMOTOR FUEL
dc.subjectMOTOR VEHICLE
dc.subjectMOTOR VEHICLE EMISSIONS
dc.subjectMOTOR VEHICLES
dc.subjectMUNICIPAL VEHICLES
dc.subjectNATURAL GAS
dc.subjectNATURAL GAS BUS
dc.subjectNITRATES
dc.subjectNITROGEN
dc.subjectNITROGEN DIOXIDE
dc.subjectNITROGEN OXIDE
dc.subjectNITROUS OXIDE
dc.subjectNO2
dc.subjectNOX
dc.subjectORGANIC MATERIAL
dc.subjectOXIDATION CATALYST
dc.subjectOXYGEN
dc.subjectOXYGEN CONTENT
dc.subjectOZONE
dc.subjectOZONE PRODUCTION
dc.subjectPARTICLES
dc.subjectPARTICULATE
dc.subjectPARTICULATE MATTER
dc.subjectPASSENGER VEHICLES
dc.subjectPETROLEUM GAS
dc.subjectPM10
dc.subjectPOLLUTANT EMISSIONS
dc.subjectPOLLUTION CONTROL
dc.subjectPOPULATION DENSITY
dc.subjectPRECIPITATION
dc.subjectPUBLIC TRANSPORTATION
dc.subjectRADIATION
dc.subjectRADIATIVE FORCING
dc.subjectRAPID TRANSIT
dc.subjectREDUCTIONS IN FUEL CONSUMPTION
dc.subjectREFINERY
dc.subjectRENEWABLE ENERGY
dc.subjectRESPIRATORY SYMPTOMS
dc.subjectRETROFITTING
dc.subjectROAD
dc.subjectROAD IMPROVEMENTS
dc.subjectROAD VEHICLES
dc.subjectROADS
dc.subjectROUTES
dc.subjectSAFETY
dc.subjectSMOKE
dc.subjectSO2
dc.subjectSOCIAL COST OF CARBON
dc.subjectSOLAR RADIATION
dc.subjectSULFATE
dc.subjectSULFATE PARTICULATES
dc.subjectSULFATES
dc.subjectSULFUR
dc.subjectSULFUR EMISSIONS
dc.subjectSURFACE ALBEDO
dc.subjectSURFACE TRANSPORTATION
dc.subjectTAILPIPE EMISSION
dc.subjectTAILPIPE EMISSIONS
dc.subjectTAX
dc.subjectTEMPERATURE
dc.subjectTOTAL EMISSIONS
dc.subjectTRAFFIC
dc.subjectTRAFFIC EMISSIONS
dc.subjectTRAFFIC FLOW
dc.subjectTRAINS
dc.subjectTRANSPORT
dc.subjectTRANSPORT PROJECTS
dc.subjectTRANSPORT SECTOR
dc.subjectTRANSPORTATION ACTIVITY
dc.subjectTRANSPORTATION DEMAND
dc.subjectTRANSPORTATION DEMAND MANAGEMENT
dc.subjectTRANSPORTATION PLANNING
dc.subjectTRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS
dc.subjectTRAVEL DEMAND
dc.subjectTRUCKS
dc.subjectUNEP
dc.subjectURBAN AREAS
dc.subjectURBAN BUS
dc.subjectURBAN BUSES
dc.subjectVEHICLE
dc.subjectVEHICLE CLASSES
dc.subjectVEHICLE COSTS
dc.subjectVEHICLE EMISSION
dc.subjectVEHICLE EMISSIONS
dc.subjectVEHICLE ENGINE
dc.subjectVEHICLE EXCISE DUTY
dc.subjectVEHICLE EXHAUST
dc.subjectVEHICLE KILOMETERS
dc.subjectVEHICLE MANUFACTURING
dc.subjectVEHICLE OPERATION
dc.subjectVEHICLE OWNERS
dc.subjectVEHICLE POPULATION
dc.subjectVEHICLE TYPES
dc.subjectVOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
dc.titleReducing Black Carbon Emissions from Diesel Vehicles : Impacts, Control Strategies, and Cost-Benefit Analysis

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