Considering Trade Policies for Liquid Biofuels

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dc.creatorKojima, Masami
dc.creatorMitchell, Donald
dc.creatorWard, William
dc.date2014-04-22T15:42:43Z
dc.date2014-04-22T15:42:43Z
dc.date2007-09
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-01T00:57:46Z
dc.descriptionThis report addresses the issues associated with trade in liquid biofuels is a second Energy Sector Management Assistance Program report on biofuels, and part of a broader assessment of bioenergy undertaken by the World Bank. The report asks how liberalizing trade in liquid biofuels might affect biofuel production and consumption. Bioenergy is playing an increasingly important role as an alternative and renewable source of energy. Bioenergy includes solid biomass, biogas, and liquid biofuels. Combustion of biomass residues for heat and power generation is commercially viable without government support in some applications. Liquid biofuels made from biomass are attracting growing interest worldwide, driven by concerns about energy security, climate change, and local environmental considerations and a desire to support domestic agriculture. The global liquid biofuel market today utilizes so called first generation technologies and relies mainly on agricultural food or feed crops for feedstock. Second generation biofuels, still far from commercially viable, can open up many new opportunities because they can be sourced from a much wider variety of feedstock's, vastly expanding the potential for fuel production and for abating greenhouse gas emission. The timing of commercialization is uncertain, although some industry analysts indicate that the needed cost reductions may be achieved in the coming decade. Focusing primarily on ethanol and biodiesel, the report takes a time horizon of the next 5 to 10 years. It outlines the important link between agriculture and biofuels, reviews past and present government policies for agriculture and for biofuels, and considers how these policies might affect the world biofuel market. The report highlights the links between the markets for oil, biofuels, feedstock's, and the by-products of biofuel processing. It reviews existing studies, examining the likely consequences of much larger biofuel production and trade liberalization of biofuels and their feedstock's. It concludes with policy considerations.
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.formattext/plain
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2007/01/9795685/considering-trade-policies-liquid-biofuels
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/17941
dc.identifierhttps://doi.org/10.1596/17941
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/413560
dc.languageEnglish
dc.languageen_US
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL CROP
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL CROPS
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL RESIDUES
dc.subjectAIR POLLUTION
dc.subjectAIR QUALITY
dc.subjectAMBIENT CONCENTRATIONS
dc.subjectANHYDROUS ETHANOL
dc.subjectANIMAL FAT
dc.subjectANIMAL FATS
dc.subjectANIMAL WASTES
dc.subjectBAGASSE
dc.subjectBALANCE
dc.subjectBARLEY
dc.subjectBIODIESEL
dc.subjectBIOENERGY
dc.subjectBIOFUEL
dc.subjectBIOFUEL INDUSTRY
dc.subjectBIOFUEL PRODUCTION
dc.subjectBIOFUEL TECHNOLOGIES
dc.subjectBIOFUEL USE
dc.subjectBIOGAS
dc.subjectBIOMASS
dc.subjectBIOMASS COMPONENTS
dc.subjectBIOMASS RESIDUES
dc.subjectBIOMETHANOL
dc.subjectCANE PRODUCTION
dc.subjectCANOLA
dc.subjectCARBOHYDRATES
dc.subjectCARBON
dc.subjectCARBON DIOXIDE
dc.subjectCARBON MARKET
dc.subjectCARBON MONOXIDE
dc.subjectCARBON SUGAR
dc.subjectCARBON SUGARS
dc.subjectCELLULOSE
dc.subjectCELLULOSIC ETHANOL
dc.subjectCETANE NUMBER
dc.subjectCHEMICAL EXTRACTION PROCESS
dc.subjectCHEMICAL REACTIONS
dc.subjectCLIMATE CHANGE
dc.subjectCO
dc.subjectCOAL
dc.subjectCOCONUT OIL
dc.subjectCOMBUSTION
dc.subjectCOMBUSTION OF BIOMASS
dc.subjectCOMPRESSION RATIO
dc.subjectCONSUMPTION OF PETROLEUM
dc.subjectCOOKING
dc.subjectCOOKING OIL
dc.subjectCORN
dc.subjectCORN GLUTEN
dc.subjectCOST OF ETHANOL
dc.subjectCOST OF ETHANOL PRODUCTION
dc.subjectCOST OF FEEDSTOCKS
dc.subjectCOST OF GASOLINE
dc.subjectCOST OF SUGARCANE
dc.subjectCROP
dc.subjectCRUDE OIL
dc.subjectDEPENDENT ON FEEDSTOCK
dc.subjectDIESEL
dc.subjectDIESEL CONSUMPTION
dc.subjectDIESEL FUEL
dc.subjectDISTILLERIES
dc.subjectDISTILLERY
dc.subjectDOMESTIC ETHANOL PRODUCTION
dc.subjectDOMESTIC PRODUCTS
dc.subjectECONOMIC ANALYSIS
dc.subjectECONOMIC WELFARE
dc.subjectECONOMICS
dc.subjectECONOMIES OF SCALE
dc.subjectELECTRICITY
dc.subjectELECTRICITY INDUSTRY
dc.subjectELECTRICITY SUPPLY
dc.subjectEMISSION
dc.subjectEMISSIONS
dc.subjectEMISSIONS OF NITROGEN OXIDES
dc.subjectEND-USER
dc.subjectENERGY CONTENT OF ETHANOL
dc.subjectENERGY CRISIS
dc.subjectENERGY CROPS
dc.subjectENERGY PRODUCTION
dc.subjectENERGY SECTOR
dc.subjectENERGY SECURITY
dc.subjectENERGY SOURCES
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL COSTS
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL EXTERNALITIES
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY
dc.subjectEQUILIBRIUM
dc.subjectETHANOL
dc.subjectETHANOL CONSUMPTION
dc.subjectETHANOL INDUSTRY
dc.subjectETHANOL MARKET
dc.subjectETHANOL MARKETS
dc.subjectETHANOL PLANTS
dc.subjectETHANOL PRICE
dc.subjectETHANOL PRICES
dc.subjectETHANOL PRODUCERS
dc.subjectETHANOL PRODUCTION
dc.subjectETHANOL PROGRAM
dc.subjectETHANOL SHORTAGE
dc.subjectETHANOL SUPPLY
dc.subjectETHANOL-GASOLINE BLEND
dc.subjectEVAPORATIVE EMISSIONS
dc.subjectEXCHANGE RATE
dc.subjectFEEDSTOCK
dc.subjectFEEDSTOCK COSTS
dc.subjectFEEDSTOCK PRICES
dc.subjectFEEDSTOCKS
dc.subjectFERMENTATION
dc.subjectFOOD PRODUCTION
dc.subjectFOREST RESIDUES
dc.subjectFORESTRY
dc.subjectFUEL DEMAND
dc.subjectFUEL EFFICIENCY
dc.subjectFUEL MARKET
dc.subjectFUEL PRODUCTION
dc.subjectFUEL QUALITY
dc.subjectFUEL SPECIFICATIONS
dc.subjectFUEL SUBSTITUTION
dc.subjectFUEL SUPPLIES
dc.subjectFUEL SUPPLY
dc.subjectFUEL TAX
dc.subjectFUEL TAXES
dc.subjectFUELS
dc.subjectGAS
dc.subjectGASEOUS FUELS
dc.subjectGASOLINE
dc.subjectGASOLINE ADDITIVES
dc.subjectGASOLINE BLEND
dc.subjectGASOLINE PRICE
dc.subjectGASOLINE PRICES
dc.subjectGASOLINE PRODUCTION
dc.subjectGENERATION
dc.subjectGEOTHERMAL
dc.subjectGEOTHERMAL POWER
dc.subjectGHG
dc.subjectGREASE
dc.subjectGREENHOUSE GAS
dc.subjectGREENHOUSE GAS EMISSION
dc.subjectHEAT
dc.subjectHIGH ETHANOL
dc.subjectHYDROCARBONS
dc.subjectHYDROGEN
dc.subjectIMPORTS
dc.subjectIMPURITIES
dc.subjectINCOME
dc.subjectINELASTIC DEMAND
dc.subjectINFLATION
dc.subjectJATROPHA
dc.subjectLAND USE
dc.subjectLIQUID BIOFUEL
dc.subjectLIQUID BIOFUELS
dc.subjectLIQUID FUELS
dc.subjectMAIZE
dc.subjectMARKET POWER
dc.subjectMARKET PRICES
dc.subjectMOTOR GASOLINE
dc.subjectMOTOR GASOLINE CONSUMPTION
dc.subjectNATIONAL INCOME
dc.subjectNATURAL GAS
dc.subjectNITROGEN
dc.subjectNONRENEWABLE RESOURCES
dc.subjectOIL
dc.subjectOIL PRICES
dc.subjectOIL SUPPLY
dc.subjectOILS
dc.subjectOPEC
dc.subjectOPPORTUNITY COSTS
dc.subjectORGANIC COMPOUND
dc.subjectORGANIC COMPOUNDS
dc.subjectOXYGEN
dc.subjectPARTICULATE
dc.subjectPARTICULATE MATTER
dc.subjectPETROLEUM
dc.subjectPETROLEUM DIESEL
dc.subjectPETROLEUM EXPORTING COUNTRIES
dc.subjectPETROLEUM FUEL PRICES
dc.subjectPETROLEUM PRICE
dc.subjectPETROLEUM PRODUCTS
dc.subjectPIPELINE
dc.subjectPLANT OIL
dc.subjectPLANT OILS
dc.subjectPLANT OWNERS
dc.subjectPOLICY DECISIONS
dc.subjectPOLLUTANTS
dc.subjectPOWER
dc.subjectPOWER GENERATION
dc.subjectPRICE OF ETHANOL
dc.subjectPRICE OF GASOLINE
dc.subjectPRICES OF ETHANOL
dc.subjectPRIMARY FEEDSTOCK
dc.subjectPRODUCER OF SUGARCANE
dc.subjectPRODUCTION COSTS
dc.subjectPRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY
dc.subjectPRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectPUBLIC GOOD
dc.subjectPURE ETHANOL
dc.subjectQUALITY STANDARDS
dc.subjectRAPESEED
dc.subjectRAPESEED OIL
dc.subjectRAPESEED OILS
dc.subjectRAPESEEDS
dc.subjectRAW SUGAR
dc.subjectRENEWABLE ENERGY
dc.subjectRENEWABLE SOURCE
dc.subjectRENEWABLE SOURCE OF ENERGY
dc.subjectRURAL AREAS
dc.subjectRURAL HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectSAVINGS
dc.subjectSOLID BIOMASS
dc.subjectSOYBEAN OIL
dc.subjectSOYBEAN PRODUCTION
dc.subjectSOYBEANS
dc.subjectSTATIONARY SOURCES
dc.subjectSTRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT
dc.subjectSUGAR BEET
dc.subjectSUGAR BEETS
dc.subjectSUGAR INDUSTRIES
dc.subjectSUGAR INDUSTRY
dc.subjectSUGARCANE
dc.subjectSUGARCANE PRODUCTION
dc.subjectSULFUR
dc.subjectSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectTAX CREDIT
dc.subjectTAX REDUCTION
dc.subjectTRANSPORTATION FUEL
dc.subjectVALUE OF ETHANOL
dc.subjectVAPOR PRESSURE
dc.subjectVEGETABLE OILS
dc.subjectVEHICLES
dc.subjectWELFARE GAINS
dc.subjectWET MILLING
dc.subjectWHEAT
dc.subjectWOOD
dc.subjectWOOD WASTE
dc.subjectWOOD WASTES
dc.subjectWORLD CONSUMPTION
dc.subjectWORLD OIL CONSUMPTION
dc.titleConsidering Trade Policies for Liquid Biofuels

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