An Emerging Agricultural Problem in High-Performing Asian Economies

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dc.creatorHayami, Yujiro
dc.date2012-06-06T16:20:42Z
dc.date2012-06-06T16:20:42Z
dc.date2007-08
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-01T00:36:05Z
dc.descriptionPolicies to tax farmers in low-income countries and policies to subsidize them in high-income countries have been identified as a major source of the disequilibrium of world agriculture. Recently, as many high-performing economies in Asia advanced from the low-income to the middle-income stage through successful industrialization, they have been confronted with the problem of a widening income gap between farm and non-farm workers corresponding to rapid shifts in comparative advantage from agriculture to manufacturing. In order to prevent this disparity from culminating in serious social and political instability, policies have been reoriented toward supporting the income of farmers. At the same time, governments in middle-income countries must continue to secure low-cost food for the urban poor who are still large in number. The need to achieve the two conflicting goals under the still weak fiscal capacity of governments tends to make agricultural policies in the middle-income stage tinkering and ineffective. Greater research inputs in this area are called for in order to prevent the growth momentum of high-performing economies in Asia from being disrupted by political crises.
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.formattext/plain
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2007/08/8087029/emerging-agricultural-problem-high-performing-asian-economies
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/7271
dc.identifierhttps://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-4312
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/407060
dc.languageEnglish
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.relationPolicy Research Working Paper; No. 4312
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.rightsWorld Bank
dc.subjectABSOLUTE POVERTY
dc.subjectADVANCED COUNTRIES
dc.subjectAGGREGATE SUPPLY
dc.subjectAGRARIAN STRUCTURE
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL GROWTH
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL LABOUR
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL POLICY
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL RESEARCH
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL SECTOR
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY
dc.subjectAGRICULTURE
dc.subjectAVERAGE GROWTH
dc.subjectBORROWING
dc.subjectBUDGETARY CONSTRAINT
dc.subjectCAPITAL INTENSITY
dc.subjectCAPITAL MARKETS
dc.subjectCD
dc.subjectCOMMERCIAL FARMS
dc.subjectCOMMODITY
dc.subjectCOMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE
dc.subjectCOMPARATIVE ADVANTAGES
dc.subjectCONSUMERS
dc.subjectCREDITS
dc.subjectCRISES
dc.subjectDEBT
dc.subjectDEVELOPING COUNTRIES
dc.subjectDEVELOPING ECONOMIES
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT POLICY
dc.subjectDISEQUILIBRIUM
dc.subjectDOMESTIC MARKET
dc.subjectDOMESTIC MARKETS
dc.subjectDOMESTIC PRICE
dc.subjectDOMESTIC PRICES
dc.subjectECONOMIC ACTIVITIES
dc.subjectECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectECONOMIC RECESSIONS
dc.subjectECONOMIC STATISTICS
dc.subjectELASTICITY
dc.subjectEXCHANGE RATE
dc.subjectEXPORTS
dc.subjectFAMILY MEMBERS
dc.subjectFARM ACTIVITIES
dc.subjectFARM EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectFARM HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectFARM INCOME
dc.subjectFARM INCOMES
dc.subjectFARM PRODUCTS
dc.subjectFARM WORKERS
dc.subjectFARMERS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL CRISIS
dc.subjectFOOD AID
dc.subjectFOOD CONSUMPTION
dc.subjectFOOD PRICES
dc.subjectFOOD PRODUCTION
dc.subjectFOOD SHORTAGE
dc.subjectFOOD SUPPLY
dc.subjectFOREIGN EXCHANGE
dc.subjectFOREIGN EXCHANGE EARNINGS
dc.subjectGDP
dc.subjectGDP PER CAPITA
dc.subjectGEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION
dc.subjectGINI COEFFICIENT
dc.subjectGROWTH RATE
dc.subjectGROWTH RATES
dc.subjectHEAD COUNT INDEX
dc.subjectHIGH POPULATION DENSITY
dc.subjectHIGH WAGES
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD INCOME
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD SURVEYS
dc.subjectINCOME
dc.subjectINCOME DISPARITY
dc.subjectINCOME DISTRIBUTION
dc.subjectINCOME GAP
dc.subjectINCOME INEQUALITY
dc.subjectINCOME LEVEL
dc.subjectINCOME LEVELS
dc.subjectINCOME SOURCES
dc.subjectINDUSTRIALIZATION
dc.subjectINEFFICIENCY
dc.subjectINEQUALITY
dc.subjectINSTITUTIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL MARKET
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL MARKETS
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL PRICES
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL TRADE
dc.subjectIRRIGATION
dc.subjectLABOR ABSORPTION
dc.subjectLABOR ALLOCATION
dc.subjectLABOR COSTS
dc.subjectLABOR FORCE
dc.subjectLABOR MARKET
dc.subjectLABOR MARKETS
dc.subjectLABOR PRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectLABORERS
dc.subjectLABOUR FORCE
dc.subjectLABOUR PRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectLACK OF EXPERIENCE
dc.subjectLARGE ENTERPRISES
dc.subjectLENDERS
dc.subjectLIVING STANDARD
dc.subjectLOW-INCOME
dc.subjectLOW-INCOME COUNTRIES
dc.subjectLOW-INCOME ECONOMIES
dc.subjectLOW-INCOME ECONOMY
dc.subjectMANUFACTURING INDUSTRY
dc.subjectMARKET PRICES
dc.subjectMARKETING
dc.subjectMIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES
dc.subjectMIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRY
dc.subjectMULTILATERAL TRADE
dc.subjectNATIONAL INCOME
dc.subjectNATURAL RESOURCES
dc.subjectNONFARM INCOME
dc.subjectOUTPUT
dc.subjectPOLITICAL ECONOMY
dc.subjectPOOR
dc.subjectPOVERTY INDEXES
dc.subjectPOVERTY LINE
dc.subjectPOVERTY REDUCTION
dc.subjectPREMIUM RATE
dc.subjectPRICE INDEX
dc.subjectPRICE SUPPORT
dc.subjectPRICE SUPPORTS
dc.subjectPRIMARY EDUCATION
dc.subjectPRODUCTIVITIES
dc.subjectPRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectPRODUCTIVITY GROWTH
dc.subjectPUBLIC POLICY
dc.subjectRAPID INDUSTRIALIZATION
dc.subjectRAPID POPULATION GROWTH
dc.subjectREAL GDP
dc.subjectRECESSIONS
dc.subjectRESERVE REQUIREMENT
dc.subjectRURAL
dc.subjectRURAL AREAS
dc.subjectRURAL INFRASTRUCTURE
dc.subjectRURAL LABOR
dc.subjectRURAL PEOPLE
dc.subjectSALES
dc.subjectSMALL-SCALE ENTERPRISES
dc.subjectSTATE UNIVERSITY
dc.subjectSUPPORT PROGRAM
dc.subjectSUPPORT PROGRAMS
dc.subjectTAX
dc.subjectTAX RATE
dc.subjectTAX RATES
dc.subjectTAXATION
dc.subjectTECHNOLOGY TRANSFER
dc.subjectTRADE NEGOTIATIONS
dc.subjectTRANSACTION
dc.subjectTRANSACTION COSTS
dc.subjectURBAN WORKERS
dc.subjectURUGUAY ROUND
dc.subjectVALUE ADDED
dc.subjectWAGE
dc.subjectWAGE RATES
dc.subjectWAGES
dc.subjectWAR
dc.subjectWEALTH
dc.subjectWORLD DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS
dc.subjectWORLD ECONOMY
dc.subjectWORLD MARKET
dc.subjectWTO
dc.titleAn Emerging Agricultural Problem in High-Performing Asian Economies

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