The Primacy of Institutions Reconsidered : Direct Income Effects of Malaria Prevalence

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dc.creatorCarstensen, Kai
dc.creatorGundlach, Erich
dc.date2013-12-20T20:57:59Z
dc.date2013-12-20T20:57:59Z
dc.date2006-06-08
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-01T01:25:06Z
dc.descriptionSome recent empirical studies deny any direct effect of geography on development and conclude that institutions dominate all other potential determinants of development. An alternative view emphasizes that geographic factor such as disease ecology, as proxied by the prevalence of malaria, may have a large negative effect on income, independent of the quality of a country's institutions. For instance, pandemic malaria may create a large economic burden beyond medical costs and forgone earnings by affecting household behavior and such macroeconomic variables as international investment and trade. After controlling for institutional quality, malaria prevalence is found to cause quantitatively important negative effects on income. The robustness of this finding is checked by employing alternative instrumental variables, tests of over-identification restrictions, and tests of the validity of the point estimates and standard errors in the presence of weak instruments. The baseline findings appear to be robust to using alternative specifications, instrumentations, and samples. The reported estimates suggest that good institutions may be necessary but not sufficient for generating a persistent process of successful economic development.
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dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2006/09/17760693/primacy-institutions-reconsidered-direct-income-effects-malaria-prevalence
dc.identifierWorld Bank Economic Review
dc.identifierdoi:10.1093/wber/lhl001
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/16439
dc.identifierhttps://doi.org/10.1596/16439
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/417903
dc.languageEnglish
dc.languageen_US
dc.publisherOxford University Press on behalf of the World Bank
dc.relationWorld Bank Economic Review
dc.rightsCC BY-NC-ND 3.0 IGO
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/igo
dc.rightsWorld Bank
dc.subjectACCOUNTABILITY
dc.subjectADULT POPULATION
dc.subjectANOPHELES MOSQUITO
dc.subjectANOPHELES MOSQUITOES
dc.subjectANOPHELINE MOSQUITO
dc.subjectBAYESIAN INFORMATION CRITERION
dc.subjectBENCHMARK
dc.subjectBILATERAL TRADE
dc.subjectBURDEN OF MALARIA
dc.subjectBUREAUCRATIC QUALITY
dc.subjectCALCULATION
dc.subjectCAUSAL EFFECT
dc.subjectCAUSAL EFFECTS
dc.subjectCD
dc.subjectCLEAN WATER
dc.subjectCOMPARATIVE ADVANTAGES
dc.subjectCOMPLICATIONS
dc.subjectCONFIDENCE INTERVALS
dc.subjectCORRUPTION
dc.subjectDATA QUALITY
dc.subjectDEPENDENCY RATIO
dc.subjectDEPENDENCY RATIOS
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT POLICIES
dc.subjectDISEASE
dc.subjectDISEASE BURDEN
dc.subjectECONOMETRICS
dc.subjectECONOMIC ACTIVITY
dc.subjectECONOMIC CONDITIONS
dc.subjectECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectECONOMIC HISTORIANS
dc.subjectECONOMIC HISTORY
dc.subjectECONOMIC INTEGRATION
dc.subjectECONOMIC PERFORMANCE
dc.subjectECONOMIC POLICIES
dc.subjectECONOMIC RESEARCH
dc.subjectENDOGENOUS VARIABLES
dc.subjectEQUATIONS
dc.subjectEXOGENOUS VARIABLES
dc.subjectFACTOR ENDOWMENTS
dc.subjectFERTILITY
dc.subjectFIXED COSTS
dc.subjectFOREIGN AID
dc.subjectFOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT
dc.subjectFOREIGN INVESTORS
dc.subjectGDP
dc.subjectGDP PER CAPITA
dc.subjectGOOD GOVERNANCE
dc.subjectGOVERNANCE INDICATOR
dc.subjectGOVERNANCE INDICATORS
dc.subjectGOVERNANCE QUALITY
dc.subjectGOVERNMENT EFFECTIVENESS
dc.subjectGROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
dc.subjectHEALTH INTERVENTIONS
dc.subjectHIGH FERTILITY RATE
dc.subjectHOME COUNTRIES
dc.subjectHUMAN CAPITAL
dc.subjectHYGIENE
dc.subjectILLNESS
dc.subjectIMPACT OF MALARIA
dc.subjectINCOME
dc.subjectINCOME DISTRIBUTION
dc.subjectINCOME LEVEL
dc.subjectINDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
dc.subjectINFECTION
dc.subjectINFECTIONS
dc.subjectINSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK
dc.subjectINSTITUTIONAL QUALITY
dc.subjectINSTRUMENTAL VARIABLES
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL TRADE
dc.subjectLABOR FORCE
dc.subjectLEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectLINEAR MODELS
dc.subjectLONGEVITY
dc.subjectLOWER FERTILITY
dc.subjectMACROECONOMIC VARIABLES
dc.subjectMALARIA
dc.subjectMALARIA INFECTION
dc.subjectMALARIA INFECTIONS
dc.subjectMALARIA TRANSMISSION
dc.subjectMONETARY ECONOMICS
dc.subjectMORTALITY
dc.subjectNATURAL RESOURCES
dc.subjectNEGATIVE EFFECTS
dc.subjectOUTPUT PER CAPITA
dc.subjectPANDEMIC
dc.subjectPER CAPITA INCOME
dc.subjectPHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY
dc.subjectPOLITICAL ECONOMY
dc.subjectPOLITICAL STABILITY
dc.subjectPOOR HEALTH
dc.subjectPOPULATION SIZE
dc.subjectPRECISION
dc.subjectPREVALENCE
dc.subjectPRIVATE PROPERTY
dc.subjectPROBABILITY
dc.subjectPROPERTY RIGHTS
dc.subjectPUBLIC HEALTH
dc.subjectPURCHASING POWER
dc.subjectPURCHASING POWER PARITY
dc.subjectREAL GDP
dc.subjectREASONING
dc.subjectREGULATORY QUALITY
dc.subjectRESPECT
dc.subjectREVERSE CAUSALITY
dc.subjectRISK OF INFECTION
dc.subjectRISK OF MALARIA
dc.subjectRULE OF LAW
dc.subjectSAMPLE SIZE
dc.subjectSCIENTISTS
dc.subjectSICKLE CELL ANEMIA
dc.subjectSKILL LEVEL
dc.subjectSOCIAL BURDEN
dc.subjectSPECIES
dc.subjectSTANDARD ERRORS
dc.subjectSTATISTICAL INFERENCE
dc.subjectSTATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE
dc.subjectSURVIVAL RATE
dc.subjectTHEOREMS
dc.subjectTRANSMISSION OF MALARIA
dc.subjectTREATMENT
dc.subjectTROPICAL DISEASES
dc.subjectTROPICAL MEDICINE
dc.subjectUNEQUAL DISTRIBUTION
dc.subjectVALIDITY
dc.subjectVECTORS
dc.subjectWEALTH
dc.subjectWORKFORCE
dc.titleThe Primacy of Institutions Reconsidered : Direct Income Effects of Malaria Prevalence

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