Looking Beyond Averages in the Trade and Poverty Debate

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dc.creatorRavallion, Martin
dc.date2013-06-26T16:33:36Z
dc.date2013-06-26T16:33:36Z
dc.date2004-11
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-01T01:29:16Z
dc.descriptionThere has been much debate about how much poor people in developing countries gain from trade openness, as one aspect of "globalization." The author views the issue through both "macro" and "micro" empirical lenses. The macro lens uses cross-country comparisons and aggregate time series data. The micro lens uses household-level data combined with structural modeling of the impacts of specific trade reforms. The author presents case studies for China and Morocco. Both the macro and micro approaches cast doubt on some wide generalizations from both sides of the globalization debate. Additionally the micro lens indicates considerable heterogeneity in the welfare impacts of trade openness, with both gainers and losers among the poor. The author identifies a number of covariates of the individual gains. The results point to the importance of combining trade reforms with well-designed social protection policies.
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.formattext/plain
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2004/11/5504243/looking-beyond-averages-trade-poverty-debate
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/14202
dc.identifierhttps://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-3461
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/418525
dc.languageEnglish
dc.languageen_US
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, D.C.
dc.relationPolicy Research Working Paper;No.3461
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.rightsWorld Bank
dc.subjectABSOLUTE POVERTY
dc.subjectADDITIVE EFFECTS
dc.subjectADVERSE EFFECTS
dc.subjectADVERSE IMPACTS
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL OUTPUT
dc.subjectAGRICULTURE
dc.subjectCONSUMERS
dc.subjectCONSUMPTION BEHAVIOR
dc.subjectCPI
dc.subjectECONOMIC ASSUMPTIONS
dc.subjectECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectEQUILIBRIUM
dc.subjectEQUILIBRIUM ANALYSES
dc.subjectEXCHANGE RATE
dc.subjectEXPORTS
dc.subjectEXTREME POVERTY
dc.subjectFAMILIES
dc.subjectFARM INCOME
dc.subjectFUTURE RESEARCH
dc.subjectGDP
dc.subjectGDP PER CAPITA
dc.subjectGENERAL EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSIS
dc.subjectGENERAL EQUILIBRIUM MODEL
dc.subjectGROWTH RATE
dc.subjectHEALTH CARE
dc.subjectIMPORTS
dc.subjectINCIDENCE OF POVERTY
dc.subjectINCOME
dc.subjectINCOME DISTRIBUTION
dc.subjectINCOME INEQUALITY
dc.subjectINCOME LEVELS
dc.subjectINFLATION
dc.subjectINFLATION RATE
dc.subjectINNOVATION
dc.subjectINVOLUNTARY UNEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectLEARNING
dc.subjectLIVING STANDARDS
dc.subjectMACROECONOMIC STABILITY
dc.subjectMIGRATION
dc.subjectOIL
dc.subjectPOLICY CHANGES
dc.subjectPOOR
dc.subjectPOVERTY GAP INDEX
dc.subjectPOVERTY IMPACTS
dc.subjectPOVERTY LINE
dc.subjectPOVERTY LINES
dc.subjectPOVERTY MEASURES
dc.subjectPOVERTY REDUCTION
dc.subjectPRICE CHANGES
dc.subjectPRIVATE CONSUMPTION
dc.subjectPRODUCERS
dc.subjectPRODUCTION FUNCTION
dc.subjectPRODUCTION INPUTS
dc.subjectPRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectPURCHASING POWER
dc.subjectQUOTAS
dc.subjectREAL INCOME
dc.subjectRURAL POVERTY
dc.subjectSOCIAL IMPACTS
dc.subjectSQUARED POVERTY GAP INDEX
dc.subjectTARGETING
dc.subjectTARGETING MECHANISMS
dc.subjectTARIFF BARRIERS
dc.subjectTAXATION
dc.subjectTIME SERIES
dc.subjectTRADE LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectTRADE POLICIES
dc.subjectTRADE REFORMS
dc.subjectUTILITY FUNCTION
dc.subjectVALUATION
dc.subjectWAGE RATES
dc.subjectWAGES
dc.subjectWELFARE EFFECTS
dc.subjectWELFARE GAINS
dc.subjectWHOLESALE PRICES
dc.subjectWORKERS
dc.subjectWORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION
dc.subjectWTO
dc.titleLooking Beyond Averages in the Trade and Poverty Debate

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