Female Business Ownership and Informal Sector Persistence

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dc.creatorKerr, William R.
dc.creatorGhani, Ejaz
dc.creatorO'Connell, Stephen D.
dc.date2014-02-03T21:19:54Z
dc.date2014-02-03T21:19:54Z
dc.date2013-09
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-01T00:57:25Z
dc.descriptionThe informal sector in India has been exceptionally persistent over the past two decades. Is this a bad thing? Not necessarily. This paper shows that a substantial share of the persistence in India's unorganized manufacturing sector is due to the rapid increase in female-owned businesses. Had women's participation remained in the proportion to male-owned businesses that was evident in 1994, the unorganized manufacturing sector would have declined in share rather than increased. Most of these new female-owned businesses are opened in the household and at a small scale, about a third of the size of a typical male-owned business in the informal sector. Yet, it appears that these businesses offer economic opportunities not otherwise present and a transition for some women from unpaid domestic work.
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.formattext/plain
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2013/09/18275300/female-business-ownership-informal-sector-persistence
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/16836
dc.identifierhttps://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-6612
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/413480
dc.languageEnglish
dc.languageen_US
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.relationPolicy Research Working Paper;No. 6612
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.rightsWorld Bank
dc.subjectACCOUNTING
dc.subjectADB
dc.subjectAID
dc.subjectBANKING SECTOR
dc.subjectBUSINESS ENVIRONMENT
dc.subjectBUSINESS LEADERS
dc.subjectBUSINESS REGISTRATION
dc.subjectBUSINESS SERVICES
dc.subjectBUSINESSES
dc.subjectCITIES
dc.subjectCOMMERCE
dc.subjectCOMPETITIVENESS
dc.subjectCOMPUTER HARDWARE
dc.subjectCONNECTIVITY
dc.subjectCUSTOMER DEMAND
dc.subjectDEBT
dc.subjectDESCRIPTION
dc.subjectDEVELOPING COUNTRIES
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT POLICY
dc.subjectDISTRICTS
dc.subjectECONOMIC ACTIVITIES
dc.subjectECONOMIC ACTIVITY
dc.subjectECONOMIC CONDITIONS
dc.subjectECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES
dc.subjectECONOMIC TRENDS
dc.subjectELECTRICITY
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectENTERPRISE SECTOR
dc.subjectENTREPRENEURSHIP
dc.subjectEQUIPMENT
dc.subjectEQUIPMENTS
dc.subjectFEMALE
dc.subjectFEMALE LABOR FORCE
dc.subjectGENDER
dc.subjectGENDER DIFFERENCES
dc.subjectGENDER DISCRIMINATION
dc.subjectGENDER EQUALITY
dc.subjectGENDER ISSUES
dc.subjectGLOBALIZATION
dc.subjectHOTELS
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD LEVEL
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectHUMAN CAPITAL
dc.subjectINDUSTRIAL STRUCTURES
dc.subjectINFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT
dc.subjectINNOVATION
dc.subjectINNOVATION POLICY
dc.subjectINSTITUTION
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL COMPARISONS
dc.subjectJOB CREATION
dc.subjectLABOR MARKETS
dc.subjectLAWS
dc.subjectLICENSE
dc.subjectLITERACY RATE
dc.subjectLITERACY RATES
dc.subjectLIVING CONDITIONS
dc.subjectLOCAL ECONOMY
dc.subjectMANUFACTURING
dc.subjectMINORITY
dc.subjectNATIONAL LEVEL
dc.subjectNATIONAL LEVELS
dc.subjectNETWORKS
dc.subjectNEW ENTRANTS
dc.subjectOPEN ACCESS
dc.subjectPOLICY DISCUSSIONS
dc.subjectPOLICY IMPLICATIONS
dc.subjectPOLICY MAKERS
dc.subjectPOLICY RESEARCH
dc.subjectPOLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER
dc.subjectPOLITICAL TURMOIL
dc.subjectPOPULATION CENSUS
dc.subjectPOPULATION CENSUSES
dc.subjectPOPULATION DENSITY
dc.subjectPOPULATION GROWTH
dc.subjectPOPULATION GROWTH RATES
dc.subjectPRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectPROGRESS
dc.subjectPURCHASING POWER
dc.subjectPURCHASING POWER PARITY
dc.subjectRADIO
dc.subjectRATE OF MIGRATION
dc.subjectRECREATION
dc.subjectREGIONAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectRENTING
dc.subjectREPRODUCTION
dc.subjectRESPECT
dc.subjectRESULT
dc.subjectRESULTS
dc.subjectROLE OF WOMEN
dc.subjectSANITATION
dc.subjectSLUMS
dc.subjectSMALL ENTERPRISES
dc.subjectSOCIAL EXCLUSION
dc.subjectSOCIAL SCIENCE
dc.subjectSTRESSES
dc.subjectTELEVISION
dc.subjectTIME PERIOD
dc.subjectTRANSPORT
dc.subjectTRANSPORTATION
dc.subjectUNEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectURBANIZATION
dc.subjectUSES
dc.subjectVILLAGES
dc.subjectVULNERABILITY
dc.subjectWAGES
dc.subjectWEB
dc.subjectWORKFORCE
dc.titleFemale Business Ownership and Informal Sector Persistence

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