The Persistence of (Subnational) Fortune : Geography, Agglomeration, and Institutions in the New World

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dc.creatorCaicedo, Felipe Valencia
dc.creatorMaloney, William F.
dc.date2013-01-02T20:49:39Z
dc.date2013-01-02T20:49:39Z
dc.date2012-09
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-01T00:59:07Z
dc.descriptionUsing subnational historical data, this paper establishes the within country persistence of economic activity in the New World over the last half millennium. The paper constructs a data set incorporating measures of pre-colonial population density, new measures of present regional per capita income and population, and a comprehensive set of locational fundamentals. These fundamentals are shown to have explanatory power: native populations throughout the hemisphere were found in more livable and productive places. It is then shown that high pre-colonial density areas tend to be dense today: population agglomerations persist. The data and historical evidence suggest this is due partly to locational fundamentals, but also to classic agglomeration effects: colonialists established settlements near existing native populations for reasons of labor, trade, knowledge and defense. Further, high density (historically prosperous) areas also tend to have higher incomes today, and largely due to agglomeration effects: fortune persists for the United States and most of Latin America. Finally extractive institutions, in this case, slavery, reduce persistence even if they do not overwhelm other forces in its favor.
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.formattext/plain
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2012/09/16698910/persistence-subnational-fortune-feography-agglomeration-institutions-new-world
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/12047
dc.identifierhttps://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-6187
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/413876
dc.languageEnglish
dc.languageen_US
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.relationPolicy Research Working Paper; No. 6187
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.rightsWorld Bank
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION
dc.subjectAGRICULTURE
dc.subjectAIR
dc.subjectAIR CONDITIONING
dc.subjectAIR TRANSPORT
dc.subjectARTISANS
dc.subjectAVERAGE INCOME
dc.subjectAVERAGE INCOMES
dc.subjectAVERAGE SHARE
dc.subjectBANKRUPTCY
dc.subjectBASIC NEEDS
dc.subjectCAPITAL INVESTMENT
dc.subjectCENSUSES
dc.subjectCIVIL WAR
dc.subjectCOMMERCE
dc.subjectCOMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE
dc.subjectCOMPETITIVENESS
dc.subjectCONCENTRATION OF POPULATION
dc.subjectCOUNTRY LEVEL
dc.subjectCOUNTRY REGRESSIONS
dc.subjectCURRENT POPULATION
dc.subjectDATA SET
dc.subjectDATA SETS
dc.subjectDEPENDENT VARIABLE
dc.subjectDEVELOPING COUNTRIES
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT OUTCOMES
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT POLICY
dc.subjectDISEASES
dc.subjectDRAINAGE
dc.subjectDRIVING
dc.subjectECONOMIC ACTIVITY
dc.subjectECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectECONOMIC PERFORMANCE
dc.subjectECONOMIC RESEARCH
dc.subjectECONOMIC REVIEW
dc.subjectECONOMIC STUDIES
dc.subjectECONOMICS RESEARCH
dc.subjectELASTICITY
dc.subjectEMPIRICAL RESULTS
dc.subjectEXISTING POPULATION
dc.subjectEXPLANATORY POWER
dc.subjectEXPORTS
dc.subjectEXTERNALITIES
dc.subjectFARMING AREAS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL SERVICES
dc.subjectFOOD PRODUCTION
dc.subjectFUEL
dc.subjectFUNCTIONAL FORM
dc.subjectFUNCTIONAL FORMS
dc.subjectGDP
dc.subjectGDP PER CAPITA
dc.subjectGEOGRAPHICAL CONTROLS
dc.subjectGROWTH DYNAMICS
dc.subjectGROWTH RATES
dc.subjectGROWTH THEORY
dc.subjectHEAVY RELIANCE
dc.subjectHISTORICAL DATA
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD INCOME
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD INCOMES
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD LEVEL
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD SURVEYS
dc.subjectHUMAN CAPITAL
dc.subjectHUMAN DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectHUMAN SETTLEMENT
dc.subjectIMMIGRATION
dc.subjectINCOME DATA
dc.subjectINCOME DISTRIBUTION
dc.subjectINCREASING RETURNS
dc.subjectINCREASING RETURNS TO SCALE
dc.subjectINDIGENOUS PEOPLE
dc.subjectINDIGENOUS PEOPLES
dc.subjectINDIGENOUS POPULATIONS
dc.subjectINDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
dc.subjectINEQUALITY
dc.subjectINFORMATION SYSTEM
dc.subjectINNOVATION
dc.subjectINSTITUTION
dc.subjectLABOR FORCE
dc.subjectLAND TENURE
dc.subjectLARGE POPULATION
dc.subjectLARGE POPULATIONS
dc.subjectLEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectLOCAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectLOCAL ECONOMY
dc.subjectLOCALIZATION
dc.subjectMACROECONOMICS
dc.subjectMANUFACTURING
dc.subjectMANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
dc.subjectMARKET SHARE
dc.subjectMEAN VALUE
dc.subjectMIDDLEMEN
dc.subjectMODE OF TRANSPORTATION
dc.subjectMONETARY ECONOMICS
dc.subjectNATIONAL BOUNDARIES
dc.subjectNATIONAL GOVERNMENT
dc.subjectNATIONAL GOVERNMENTS
dc.subjectNATIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE
dc.subjectNATIONAL LEVEL
dc.subjectNATIONAL POLICIES
dc.subjectNATIVE POPULATION
dc.subjectNATURAL DISASTERS
dc.subjectNATURAL RESOURCE
dc.subjectNATURAL RESOURCES
dc.subjectNEGATIVE COEFFICIENT
dc.subjectNEGATIVE COEFFICIENTS
dc.subjectNEGATIVE CORRELATION
dc.subjectNEGATIVE IMPACT
dc.subjectNEGATIVE RELATIONSHIP
dc.subjectNET EFFECT
dc.subjectNETWORKS
dc.subjectNEW TECHNOLOGIES
dc.subjectOPEN ACCESS
dc.subjectPATH DEPENDENCE
dc.subjectPER CAPITA INCOME
dc.subjectPER CAPITA INCOMES
dc.subjectPOLICY DISCUSSIONS
dc.subjectPOLICY RESEARCH
dc.subjectPOLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER
dc.subjectPOLITICAL ECONOMY
dc.subjectPOLITICAL ECONOMY CONSIDERATIONS
dc.subjectPOLITICAL POWER
dc.subjectPOPULATION CENTER
dc.subjectPOPULATION DENSITIES
dc.subjectPOPULATION DENSITY
dc.subjectPOPULATION ESTIMATES
dc.subjectPOPULATION SETTLEMENTS
dc.subjectPOSITIVE COEFFICIENT
dc.subjectPOSITIVE CORRELATION
dc.subjectPOSITIVE EXTERNALITIES
dc.subjectPOSITIVE RELATIONSHIP
dc.subjectPRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectPROGRESS
dc.subjectPROPERTY RIGHTS
dc.subjectPUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
dc.subjectPUBLIC GOOD
dc.subjectPUBLIC GOODS
dc.subjectRAILROAD
dc.subjectRAILROADS
dc.subjectRAILWAY
dc.subjectREGIONAL DIFFERENCES
dc.subjectREGIONAL LEVEL
dc.subjectREGIONAL POPULATION
dc.subjectRELATIONSHIP BETWEEN POPULATION
dc.subjectRELATIVE IMPORTANCE
dc.subjectRESPECT
dc.subjectRESULT
dc.subjectROUTE
dc.subjectROUTES
dc.subjectSATELLITE
dc.subjectSEA LEVEL
dc.subjectSEX
dc.subjectSIGNIFICANT CORRELATION
dc.subjectSIGNIFICANT NEGATIVE
dc.subjectSIGNIFICANT RELATIONSHIP
dc.subjectSITES
dc.subjectSOCIAL STRUCTURE
dc.subjectSPATIAL DISTRIBUTION
dc.subjectTAX
dc.subjectTRADE LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectTRADE POLICY
dc.subjectTRANSLATION
dc.subjectTRANSPORT
dc.subjectTRANSPORT SERVICES
dc.subjectTRANSPORTATION
dc.subjectTRAUMA
dc.subjectTRUE
dc.subjectTUNNEL
dc.subjectVALUE ADDED
dc.subjectWEALTH
dc.subjectWEB
dc.titleThe Persistence of (Subnational) Fortune : Geography, Agglomeration, and Institutions in the New World

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