Democratic Jihad? Military Intervention and Democracy

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dc.creatorGleditsch, Nils Petter
dc.creatorChristiansen, Lene Siljeholm
dc.creatorHegre, Håvard
dc.date2012-06-05T14:41:31Z
dc.date2012-06-05T14:41:31Z
dc.date2007-06
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-01T01:12:48Z
dc.descriptionDemocracies rarely if ever fight one another, but they participate in wars as frequently as autocracies. They tend to win the wars in which they participate. Democracies frequently build large alliances in wartime, but not only with other democracies. From time to time democracies intervene militarily in ongoing conflicts. The democratic peace may contribute to a normative justification for such interventions, for the purpose of promoting democracy and eventually for the promotion of peace. This is reinforced by an emerging norm of humanitarian intervention. Democracies may have a motivation to intervene in non-democracies, even in the absence of ongoing conflict, for the purpose of regime change. The recent Iraq War may be interpreted in this perspective. A strong version of this type of foreign policy may be interpreted as a democratic crusade. The paper examines the normative and theoretical foundations of democratic interventionism. An empirical investigation of interventions in the period 1960-96 indicates that democracies intervene quite frequently, but rarely against other democracies. In the short term, democratic intervention appears to be successfully promoting democratization, but the target states tend to end up among the unstable semi-democracies. The most widely publicized recent interventions are targeted on poor or resource-dependent countries in non-democratic neighborhoods. Previous research has found these characteristics to reduce the prospects for stable democracy. Thus, forced democratization is unpredictable with regard to achieving long-term democracy and potentially harmful with regard to securing peace. But short-term military successes may stimulate more interventions until the negative consequences become more visible.
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.formattext/plain
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2007/06/7680987/democratic-jihad-military-intervention-democracy
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/7095
dc.identifierhttps://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-4242
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/416162
dc.languageEnglish
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.relationPolicy Research Working Paper; No. 4242
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.rightsWorld Bank
dc.subjectACTIVE INVOLVEMENT
dc.subjectALLIANCES
dc.subjectAPARTHEID
dc.subjectARMED CONFLICT
dc.subjectARMED CONFLICTS
dc.subjectARMS
dc.subjectARMS RACE
dc.subjectAUTOCRACY
dc.subjectCITIZENS
dc.subjectCIVIL LIBERTIES
dc.subjectCIVIL WAR
dc.subjectCIVIL WARS
dc.subjectCOERCION
dc.subjectCOLD WAR
dc.subjectCOMMUNISM
dc.subjectDEFENSE
dc.subjectDEMOCRACIES
dc.subjectDEMOCRACY
dc.subjectDEMOCRATIC NORMS
dc.subjectDEVELOPING COUNTRIES
dc.subjectDICTATORSHIP
dc.subjectDISSOLUTION
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectECONOMIC POLICIES
dc.subjectELECTION
dc.subjectELECTIONS
dc.subjectELECTORATE
dc.subjectETHNIC GROUP
dc.subjectEUROPEAN UNION
dc.subjectFOREIGN POLICY
dc.subjectFREEDOM
dc.subjectFREEDOM OF SPEECH
dc.subjectGENOCIDE
dc.subjectGOOD GOVERNANCE
dc.subjectGOVERNMENT SUPPORT
dc.subjectGRASS-ROOTS
dc.subjectHUMAN RIGHTS
dc.subjectHUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS
dc.subjectHUMANITARIAN INTERVENTION
dc.subjectIMPERIALISM
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL LAW
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL PEACE
dc.subjectJUNTA
dc.subjectLEGISLATION
dc.subjectLIBERALS
dc.subjectMARKET ECONOMY
dc.subjectMIDDLE EAST
dc.subjectMIDWIFE
dc.subjectMILITARY INTERVENTION
dc.subjectMILITARY REGIMES
dc.subjectMINORITY
dc.subjectNATIONAL INTEREST
dc.subjectNATIONAL SECURITY
dc.subjectNATIONAL SOVEREIGNTY
dc.subjectOFFICIAL SECRETS
dc.subjectOPPONENTS
dc.subjectPARLIAMENTARY ELECTIONS
dc.subjectPEACE
dc.subjectPEACE RESEARCH
dc.subjectPEACEFUL CHANGE
dc.subjectPEACEKEEPING
dc.subjectPEACEKEEPING MISSIONS
dc.subjectPOLICY RESEARCH
dc.subjectPOLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER
dc.subjectPOLITICAL CHANGE
dc.subjectPOLITICAL DEMOCRACY
dc.subjectPOLITICAL INSTABILITY
dc.subjectPOLITICAL INSTITUTIONS
dc.subjectPOLITICAL RIGHTS
dc.subjectPOLITICAL SCIENCE
dc.subjectPOLITICAL SOLIDARITY
dc.subjectPROGRESS
dc.subjectPUBLIC DEBATE
dc.subjectRESEARCH COMMUNITY
dc.subjectRESPECT
dc.subjectSELF-CONFIDENCE
dc.subjectTERRORISM
dc.subjectTREATY
dc.subjectUNITED NATIONS
dc.subjectVIETNAM WAR
dc.subjectWARS
dc.subjectWARTIME
dc.subjectWEAPONS
dc.subjectWEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION
dc.subjectWESTERN EUROPE
dc.subjectWOMAN
dc.subjectWORLD COMMUNITY
dc.subjectWORLD POPULATION
dc.titleDemocratic Jihad? Military Intervention and Democracy

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