The Unfulfilled Promise of Oil and Growth : Poverty, Inclusion and Welfare in Iraq 2007-2012

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dc.creatorWorld Bank
dc.date2015-01-29T21:11:01Z
dc.date2015-01-29T21:11:01Z
dc.date2014-12-01
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-01T00:44:57Z
dc.descriptionIraq appears to have firmly entered the ranks of upper middle-income countries in 2012, having experienced strong economic growth following the establishment of a civilian elected government in 2005-06. In 2012 the years of growth culminated in a per capita GDP of 2472 constant 2005 US$. This three-volume poverty and inclusion assessment provides the first in-depth analysis of Iraq's economic and social development during the period of 2007 to 2012. Volume 1 is an overview of the economic climate in Iraq, providing brushstroke descriptions of its poverty reduction plans, labor markets, public health data, and education focal points. Volume 2 is a nine-chapter report on the years between 2007 and 2012, a period of relative stability in Iraq. 2007 marks the end of sectarian violence, which lasted until 2012, prior to the militancy and insurgency in the northern governorates of the summer of 2014. The country has been a nexus of conflict and fragility since the early 1980s, and has experienced multiple types of conflict: insurgency, international war, sectarian strife, persistent terrorism, regional fragmentation, and spillovers from conflict in other countries. What should have been a promising endowment of natural resources of land, oil and gas, as well of human capital, did not provide the foundation for poverty reduction and shared prosperity. The realization of potential was confounded by war and repression. A key priority of the Government of Iraq since 2005-06 has been to fill the huge knowledge gap in terms of a deeper understanding of the state of the economy and of a range of socioeconomic indicators of welfare with the objective of building a strong evidence base for effective policy making. The rich analyses presented in this report go well beyond counting the poor. It gives an incisive understanding of the multi-layered development challenges faced by the nation, which serves as a testament to the commitment of the Government of Iraq, the staff of the Central Statistics Office, and the Kurdistan Region Statistics Office. It will form the basis for a new strategy for Iraq's development and ensure broad-based welfare improvements for the population. Volume 3 consists of nine annexes and nine references in the forms of tables, boxes, and equations used in the methodologies.
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dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2014/12/23908836/unfulfilled-promise-oil-growth-poverty-inclusion-welfare-iraq-2007-2012-vol-2
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/21364
dc.identifierhttps://doi.org/10.1596/21364
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/410367
dc.languageEnglish
dc.languageen_US
dc.publisherWashington, DC
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectACCESS TO EDUCATION
dc.subjectACCESS TO HEALTH CARE
dc.subjectACCOUNTING
dc.subjectADULT MALE
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL DECLINE
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectANNUAL GROWTH
dc.subjectANNUAL GROWTH RATE
dc.subjectBASIC HEALTH CARE
dc.subjectBASIC INFRASTRUCTURE
dc.subjectBASIC NEEDS
dc.subjectBENEFICIAL EFFECTS
dc.subjectCAPACITY BUILDING
dc.subjectCASH TRANSFERS
dc.subjectCHILDBIRTH
dc.subjectCITIZENS
dc.subjectCIVIL WAR
dc.subjectCONSUMPTION GROWTH
dc.subjectCRISES
dc.subjectDEVELOPING WORLD
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT EFFORTS
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT INDICATORS
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT STRATEGY
dc.subjectDIET
dc.subjectDISPLACEMENT
dc.subjectDIVERSIFICATION
dc.subjectDRIVERS
dc.subjectEARLY CHILDHOOD
dc.subjectEARLY MARRIAGE
dc.subjectEARLY MOTHERHOOD
dc.subjectECONOMIC ACTIVITIES
dc.subjectECONOMIC ACTIVITY
dc.subjectECONOMIC CONDITIONS
dc.subjectECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES
dc.subjectEDUCATED MEN
dc.subjectEDUCATED PEOPLE
dc.subjectEDUCATED WORKERS
dc.subjectEDUCATION LEVEL
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT GENERATION
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT RATE
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT STATUS
dc.subjectFEMALE EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectFEMALE LABOR
dc.subjectFEMALE LABOR FORCE
dc.subjectFEMALE LITERACY
dc.subjectFEMALE MORTALITY
dc.subjectFEMALE TEACHERS
dc.subjectFOOD IMPORTS
dc.subjectFOOD NEEDS
dc.subjectFOOD PRICES
dc.subjectFOOD SECURITY
dc.subjectFOOD SUBSIDIES
dc.subjectGENDER DIFFERENCES
dc.subjectGOOD GOVERNANCE
dc.subjectGROWTH EFFECT
dc.subjectGROWTH PROCESS
dc.subjectHEADCOUNT POVERTY
dc.subjectHEALTH CARE PROVIDERS
dc.subjectHEALTH OUTCOMES
dc.subjectHIGH POVERTY
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD SIZE
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD WELFARE
dc.subjectHUMAN CAPITAL
dc.subjectILLITERACY
dc.subjectIMPACT OF CONFLICT
dc.subjectINCIDENCE OF POVERTY
dc.subjectINCOME
dc.subjectINCOME LEVELS
dc.subjectINCOMES INCREASE
dc.subjectINEQUITIES
dc.subjectINFANT
dc.subjectINFANT MORTALITY
dc.subjectINFANT MORTALITY RATE
dc.subjectINFORMAL SECTOR
dc.subjectINSURANCE
dc.subjectINVESTMENT CLIMATE
dc.subjectINVESTMENTS IN EDUCATION
dc.subjectJOB CREATION
dc.subjectJOB SEARCH
dc.subjectJOB SECURITY
dc.subjectLABOR FORCE
dc.subjectLABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION
dc.subjectLABOR MARKET
dc.subjectLABOR MARKET OUTCOMES
dc.subjectLABOR MARKETS
dc.subjectLABOR REGULATIONS
dc.subjectLABOR SHARE
dc.subjectLEVEL OF EDUCATION
dc.subjectLEVELS OF EDUCATION
dc.subjectLIFE EXPECTANCY
dc.subjectLIMITED JOB OPPORTUNITIES
dc.subjectLITERACY RATES
dc.subjectLOCAL ECONOMY
dc.subjectLOCAL INFRASTRUCTURE
dc.subjectMALE LABOR FORCE
dc.subjectMALE MORTALITY
dc.subjectMALNOURISHED CHILDREN
dc.subjectMALNUTRITION
dc.subjectMANUFACTURING INDUSTRY
dc.subjectMATHEMATICS
dc.subjectMEASURING POVERTY
dc.subjectMEDIUM TERM
dc.subjectMORTALITY
dc.subjectMORTALITY RATE
dc.subjectMOTHER
dc.subjectNATURAL RESOURCE
dc.subjectNEGATIVE IMPACT
dc.subjectNUTRITION
dc.subjectPART TIME EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectPART-TIME EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectPEACE
dc.subjectPENSIONS
dc.subjectPER CAPITA CONSUMPTION
dc.subjectPERSISTENT POVERTY
dc.subjectPLACE OF RESIDENCE
dc.subjectPOINT DECLINE
dc.subjectPOLICY FRAMEWORK
dc.subjectPOLITICAL INSTABILITY
dc.subjectPOOR
dc.subjectPOOR INDIVIDUALS
dc.subjectPOVERTY HEADCOUNT RATES
dc.subjectPOVERTY LINE
dc.subjectPOVERTY RATES
dc.subjectPOVERTY REDUCTION
dc.subjectPRIMARY EDUCATION
dc.subjectPRIMARY SCHOOL
dc.subjectPRIMARY SCHOOLING
dc.subjectPRIMARY SOURCE
dc.subjectPRIVATE SECTOR
dc.subjectPRIVATE TRANSFERS
dc.subjectPRODUCTIVE EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectPRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectPROGRESS
dc.subjectPUBLIC ACCOUNTABILITY
dc.subjectPUBLIC EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectPUBLIC EXPENDITURE
dc.subjectPUBLIC SECTOR
dc.subjectPUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYEES
dc.subjectPUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectPUBLIC SECTOR JOB
dc.subjectPUBLIC SECTOR JOBS
dc.subjectPUBLIC SERVICES
dc.subjectPUBLIC WORKS
dc.subjectPUBLIC WORKS PROGRAM
dc.subjectPUBLIC WORKS PROGRAMS
dc.subjectREGULATORY BARRIERS
dc.subjectREMITTANCES
dc.subjectRENTS
dc.subjectRESOURCE ALLOCATION
dc.subjectRESPECT
dc.subjectRICH COUNTRIES
dc.subjectRULE OF LAW
dc.subjectRURAL
dc.subjectRURAL AREAS
dc.subjectRURAL HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectRURAL LIVELIHOODS
dc.subjectSAFETY
dc.subjectSAFETY NET
dc.subjectSAFETY NETS
dc.subjectSCHOOL ATTENDANCE
dc.subjectSCHOOL QUALITY
dc.subjectSECONDARY EDUCATION
dc.subjectSECONDARY SCHOOL
dc.subjectSECTOR REFORMS
dc.subjectSECURITY SITUATION
dc.subjectSERVICE DELIVERY
dc.subjectSKILLED LABOR
dc.subjectSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectSOCIAL NORMS
dc.subjectSOCIAL PROTECTION
dc.subjectSOCIAL SERVICES
dc.subjectSPILLOVER
dc.subjectSTATE ENTERPRISES
dc.subjectSTATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES
dc.subjectSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectTECHNICAL SKILLS
dc.subjectTERTIARY EDUCATION
dc.subjectTRAINING SYSTEM
dc.subjectTRANSPORTATION
dc.subjectUNEMPLOYED
dc.subjectUNEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectUNEMPLOYMENT RATES
dc.subjectUNINTENDED CONSEQUENCES
dc.subjectURBAN AREAS
dc.subjectVOCATIONAL TRAINING
dc.subjectVULNERABILITY
dc.subjectWAGE GAP
dc.subjectWAGES
dc.subjectWAR
dc.subjectWARS
dc.subjectWEALTH DISTRIBUTION
dc.subjectWORKERS
dc.subjectWORKFORCE
dc.subjectWORKING-AGE POPULATION
dc.subjectYOUNG CHILDREN
dc.subjectYOUNG MEN
dc.subjectYOUNG MOTHERS
dc.subjectYOUNG PEOPLE
dc.subjectYOUTH LABOR
dc.subjectZAKAT
dc.titleThe Unfulfilled Promise of Oil and Growth : Poverty, Inclusion and Welfare in Iraq 2007-2012

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