Hybrid embryo rescue: a non-conventional breeding strategy in horticultural crops
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Society for Promotion of Horticulture
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Production of interspecific and intergeneric hybrids is useful for transfer of desirable genes from wild speciesinto cultivated species. In many instances, progeny from wide crosses is difficult to produce owing to severalbarriers. Post-zygotic barriers such as endosperm abortion and, at later stages, embryo degeneration are of commonoccurrence, leading to low fertility; but these have been overcome through the use of embryo rescue and severalhybrids have been developed. This approach is especially useful in horticultural crops, more so in fruit crops. In ourlaboratory, we have developed protocols for hybrid embryo rescue in several top-of-the-line fruit crops that sufferfrom an inability to cross naturally (e.g., distant crosses, use of seedless parent/s) or instances where initial fruitdrop is very high. Thus, interspecific, intergeneric and intervarietal hybrids have been generated in mango, banana,seedless grape, papaya and seedless citrus using embryo rescue. Culture of embryos has also been demonstrated inrose, capsicum, hot pepper, onion and tomato. Among the very important strategies under non-GM biotechnologiesfigure techniques of hybrid embryo rescue, and related applications like ovule / ovary / placental cultures throughsequential embryo culture. Embryo culture applied to practical problems is a tissue culture technique that hasproven to be of greatest value to breeders.
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