The Quality of Medical Advice in Low-Income Countries
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World Bank, Washington, DC
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This paper provides an overview of
recent work on quality measurement of medical care and its
correlates in four low and middle-income countries-India,
Indonesia, Tanzania, and Paraguay. The authors describe two
methods-testing doctors and watching doctors-that are
relatively easy to implement and yield important insights
about the nature of medical care in these countries. The
paper discusses the properties of these measures, their
correlates, and how they may be used to evaluate policy
changes. Finally, the authors outline an agenda for further
research and measurement.
Palabras clave
ACADEMIC MEDICAL CENTERS, ACCESS TO CARE, ACCESS TO DRUGS, ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE, ACUTE RESPIRATORY INFECTION, AILMENTS, AMBULATORY CARE, ANALGESIC, BASIC HEALTH, CHILD HEALTH, CHILDHOOD, CLINICAL PRACTICE, CLINICS, COLDS, DEHYDRATION, DELIVERY OF HEALTH CARE, DEMAND FOR HEALTH, DEMAND FOR HEALTH CARE, DEPRESSION, DIAGNOSES, DIAGNOSIS, DIARRHEA, DISCRIMINATION, DISEASE, DISEASE BURDEN, DISEASES, DOCTORS, DYSENTERY, ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVES, ECONOMIC REVIEW, EQUILIBRIUM, EXPENDITURES, FEVER, GENDER, GENDER DIFFERENCE, GENDERS, GENERAL PRACTICE, HEALTH AFFAIRS, HEALTH BUDGETS, HEALTH CARE FACILITIES, HEALTH CARE INFRASTRUCTURE, HEALTH CARE OUTCOMES, HEALTH CARE PROVIDER, HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS, HEALTH CARE QUALITY, HEALTH CARE SYSTEM, HEALTH CARE USE, HEALTH CARE UTILIZATION, HEALTH CLINICS, HEALTH ECONOMICS, HEALTH FACILITIES, HEALTH INSURANCE, HEALTH ORGANIZATION, HEALTH OUTCOMES, HEALTH SERVICES, HEALTH STATUS, HEALTH SURVEYS, HEALTH SYSTEM, HEALTH WORKERS, HOSPITALIZATION, HOSPITALS, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, HUMAN RESOURCES, ILLNESS, ILLNESSES, INCOME, INDUCED DEMAND, INEQUALITIES IN HEALTH CARE, INFECTIOUS DISEASE, INTERNATIONAL COMPARISONS, INTERVENTION, LOW INCOME, LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES, MALARIA, MARKET FAILURES, MEDICAL CARE, MEDICAL DOCTOR, MEDICAL DOCTORS, MEDICAL EDUCATION, MEDICAL EXPENDITURE, MEDICAL OFFICER, MEDICAL PRACTICE, MEDICAL SCHOOLS, MEDICAL SYSTEM, MEDICAL TRAINING, MEDICINE, MEDICINES, MOTHER, MOTHERS, MS, NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS, NURSE, NUTRITION, OUTPATIENT CARE, PATIENT, PATIENT SATISFACTION, PATIENTS, PHARMACY, PHARYNGITIS, PHYSICAL HEALTH, PHYSICIAN, PHYSICIANS, PILLS, PNEUMONIA, POLICY RESEARCH, PRENATAL CARE, PRIMARY HEALTH CARE, PRIVATE CLINICS, PRIVATE DOCTORS, PRIVATE SECTOR, PRIVATE SECTORS, PROBABILITY, PUBLIC HOSPITAL, PUBLIC HOSPITALS, PUBLIC PROVIDERS, PUBLIC SECTOR, QUALITY OF HEALTH, QUALITY OF HEALTH CARE, SM, SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA, SYMPTOMS, TB, THERAPY, TREATMENT, TUBERCULOSIS, VACCINATION, WORKERS