Soil Endowments, Female Labor Force Participation and the Demographic Deficit of Women in India

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dc.creatorCarranza, Eliana
dc.date2014-11-12T21:51:54Z
dc.date2014-11-12T21:51:54Z
dc.date2012-02
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-01T00:50:13Z
dc.descriptionDifferences in relative female employment by soil texture are used to explain the heterogeneous deficit of female children across districts within India. Soil texture varies exogenously and determines the depth of land tillage. Deep tillage, possible in loamy but not in clayey soil textures, reduces the demand for labor in agricultural tasks traditionally performed by women. Girls have a lower economic value where female labor opportunities are fewer. Consistently, higher relative female employment in agriculture improves the ratio of female to male children in districts that have a smaller fraction of loamy relative to clayey soils.
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.formattext/plain
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2012/02/20302408/soil-endowments-female-labor-force-participation-demographic-deficit-women-india
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/20521
dc.identifier10.1596/20521
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/411738
dc.languageEnglish
dc.languageen_US
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.relationPolicy Research Working Paper;No. 5974
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectAGE AT MARRIAGE
dc.subjectAGE GROUP
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL INPUTS
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL LABOR
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL LABORERS
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL POLICIES
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL PRACTICES
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL RESEARCH
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY
dc.subjectAGRICULTURE
dc.subjectAGRONOMY
dc.subjectALKALINE SOILS
dc.subjectANIMALS
dc.subjectARABLE SOILS
dc.subjectCHILD MORTALITY
dc.subjectCHILD SURVIVAL
dc.subjectCLIMATE
dc.subjectCOMPENSATION
dc.subjectCONSUMER PRICE INDEX
dc.subjectCONSUMPTION SMOOTHING
dc.subjectCROP
dc.subjectCROP MANAGEMENT
dc.subjectCROP MANAGEMENT PRACTICES
dc.subjectCROP PRODUCTION
dc.subjectCROP YIELD
dc.subjectCROP YIELDS
dc.subjectCROPPING
dc.subjectCROPPING PATTERNS
dc.subjectCROPS
dc.subjectCULTIVATED LAND
dc.subjectCULTURAL CHANGE
dc.subjectCULTURAL PRACTICES
dc.subjectDECLINE IN FERTILITY
dc.subjectDEVELOPING COUNTRIES
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT POLICY
dc.subjectDISAGGREGATED ANALYSIS
dc.subjectDISCRIMINATION
dc.subjectDIVISION OF LABOR
dc.subjectDRAINAGE
dc.subjectEARLY CHILDHOOD
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES
dc.subjectECONOMICS
dc.subjectECOSYSTEM
dc.subjectEDUCATED MOTHERS
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT OF WOMEN
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT SHARE
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
dc.subjectEQUIPMENT
dc.subjectETHNIC GROUPS
dc.subjectEXCLUSION RESTRICTION
dc.subjectFALLOWING
dc.subjectFAO
dc.subjectFARM
dc.subjectFARMING
dc.subjectFARMING SYSTEMS
dc.subjectFEMALE CHILDREN
dc.subjectFEMALE EDUCATION
dc.subjectFEMALE EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectFEMALE LABOR
dc.subjectFEMALE LABOR FORCE
dc.subjectFEMALE MORTALITY
dc.subjectFERTILITY
dc.subjectFERTILITY BEHAVIOR
dc.subjectFERTILITY DECLINE
dc.subjectFERTILITY RATES
dc.subjectFERTILIZER
dc.subjectFEWER BIRTHS
dc.subjectFEWER WOMEN
dc.subjectFOREST
dc.subjectGAINFUL EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectGENDER
dc.subjectGENDER BIAS
dc.subjectGENDER NORMS
dc.subjectGENDER ROLES
dc.subjectHARVESTERS
dc.subjectHARVESTING
dc.subjectHARVESTING EQUIPMENT
dc.subjectHETEROGENEITY
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD INCOME
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD SIZE
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD WEALTH
dc.subjectHUMAN DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectIMMIGRANTS
dc.subjectINDUSTRIALIZATION
dc.subjectINHERITANCE
dc.subjectIRRIGATION
dc.subjectKINSHIP
dc.subjectKINSHIP STRUCTURE
dc.subjectLABOR BUREAU
dc.subjectLABOR DEMAND
dc.subjectLABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION
dc.subjectLABOR INTENSITIES
dc.subjectLABOR MARKET
dc.subjectLABOR MARKET OUTCOMES
dc.subjectLABOR MARKETS
dc.subjectLABOR SUPPLY
dc.subjectLABORERS
dc.subjectLAND MANAGEMENT
dc.subjectLAND OWNERSHIP
dc.subjectLAND USE
dc.subjectLAND USE PLANNING
dc.subjectLANDS
dc.subjectLIVESTOCK
dc.subjectLOWER FERTILITY
dc.subjectMALE PARTICIPATION
dc.subjectMALE WORKERS
dc.subjectMIGRATION
dc.subjectOPEN ACCESS
dc.subjectOPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMEN
dc.subjectPARTICIPATION OF WOMEN
dc.subjectPESTICIDE
dc.subjectPLOWING
dc.subjectPOLICY DISCUSSIONS
dc.subjectPOLICY RESEARCH
dc.subjectPOLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER
dc.subjectPOPULATION AND DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectPOPULATION GROUPS
dc.subjectPOPULATION STUDIES
dc.subjectPOULTRY
dc.subjectPRE-NATAL SEX SELECTION
dc.subjectPROGRESS
dc.subjectPUBLIC POLICY
dc.subjectRATIO OF WOMEN
dc.subjectRICE
dc.subjectRICE CULTIVATION
dc.subjectRIVER
dc.subjectRURAL AREAS
dc.subjectRURAL POPULATION
dc.subjectRURAL POVERTY
dc.subjectRURAL WORKERS
dc.subjectSEX
dc.subjectSEX RATIO
dc.subjectSEX RATIOS
dc.subjectSHIFTING CULTIVATION
dc.subjectSOIL
dc.subjectSOIL FERTILITY
dc.subjectSOIL QUALITY
dc.subjectSOIL TYPE
dc.subjectSOILS
dc.subjectSON PREFERENCE
dc.subjectSOWING
dc.subjectSOWING EQUIPMENT
dc.subjectSPECIES
dc.subjectSTATUS OF WOMEN
dc.subjectTEA
dc.subjectTILLAGE
dc.subjectTILLERS
dc.subjectTOTAL WORKERS
dc.subjectTRANSPLANTING
dc.subjectUNEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectURBAN AREAS
dc.subjectURBAN CENTER
dc.subjectURBANIZATION
dc.subjectWAR
dc.subjectWEEDS
dc.subjectWHEAT
dc.subjectWOMAN
dc.subjectWOOD
dc.subjectWORK FORCE
dc.subjectWORKER
dc.subjectWORKERS
dc.subjectYIELDS
dc.titleSoil Endowments, Female Labor Force Participation and the Demographic Deficit of Women in India

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