Purchasing Pharmaceuticals
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World Bank, Washington, DC
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The overall aim of this paper is to
contribute to the understanding of Resource Allocation and
Purchasing (RAP) arrangements as regards pharmaceuticals in
developing countries. The specific objective of this paper
is to examine the strategic questions that arise, when
pursuing an active purchasing and resource allocation
strategy for drugs, as well as the actual practice and
experience from applying different RAP strategies to promote
access of the poor to essential drugs, i.e. availability of
affordable essential drugs of good quality and appropriate
and efficient use of drugs.
Palabras clave
ACCESS TO PHARMACEUTICALS, ACCOUNTABILITY, ALLOCATIVE EFFICIENCY, ANTIBIOTICS, BASIC HEALTH, BUDGETING, CHRONIC DISEASES, CLINICS, COMMON COLD, COMMUNITY DRUG SCHEMES, COST EFFECTIVENESS, COST EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS, COST SHARING, COST SHIFTING, DELIVERY SYSTEMS, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, DIABETES, DISTRIBUTION OF PHARMACEUTICALS, DRUG FINANCING, DRUG POLICY, DRUG RESISTANCE, DRUG THERAPY, DRUGS, ECONOMIC IMPACTS, ECONOMIC INCENTIVES, ECONOMIC STATUS, EMPLOYMENT, EPIDEMIOLOGY, ESSENTIAL DRUGS, EXTERNALITIES, FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT, FIXED COSTS, FRAUD, GENERIC DRUGS, GONORRHEA, HEALTH CARE, HEALTH CARE EXPENDITURES, HEALTH CARE FINANCING, HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALS, HEALTH CARE SECTOR, HEALTH EXPENDITURES, HEALTH FACILITIES, HEALTH FINANCE, HEALTH INSURANCE, HEALTH NEEDS, HEALTH OUTCOMES, HEALTH SECTOR, HEALTH SERVICES, HEALTH STATUS, HEALTH SYSTEM, HEALTH SYSTEMS, HOSPITAL CARE, HOSPITALS, HOUSEHOLDS, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, HUMAN RESOURCES, IMMUNIZATION, IMMUNIZATION SERVICES, INCOME, INFORMATION SYSTEMS, INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS, IRRATIONAL USE, LESSONS LEARNED, LOCAL HEALTH CENTERS, MEDICAL EQUIPMENT, MEDICAL STORES, MEDICAL TREATMENT, MEDICATION, MEDICINE, MEDICINES, MORAL HAZARD, MOTIVATION, NATIONAL HEALTH INSURANCE, NEGATIVE EFFECTS, NUTRITION, PATENTED DRUGS, PATIENTS, PHARMACEUTICAL POLICY, PHARMACEUTICAL SECTOR, PHARMACEUTICALS, PHARMACIES, PHARMACISTS, PHARMACOECONOMICS, PHARMACY, PRESCRIPTIONS, PREVENTIVE HEALTH SERVICES, PRIVATE PHARMACIES, PRIVATE SECTOR, PROCUREMENT, PROMOTING HEALTH, PUBLIC HEALTH, PUBLIC SECTOR, PURCHASING, QUALITY CONTROL, QUALITY OF CARE, RATIONAL DRUG USE, RATIONAL USE OF DRUGS, RESOURCE ALLOCATION, RURAL HOUSEHOLDS, SCARCE RESOURCES, SELF CARE, SERVICE DELIVERY, SOCIAL MEDICINE, TARGET GROUPS, THERAPIES, TRANSPORT COSTS