Nicaragua Poverty Assessment : Challenges and Opportunities for Poverty Reduction, Volume 2. Annexes
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Washington, DC
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The purpose of this Poverty Assessment
is to provide background material and analysis that will
assist the Government in designing this strategy, but it is
not itself designed to formulate the strategy. Chapter 1
looks at the macro situation in historical perspective,
including structural reform during the 1990s, and the
current debt and balance of payments situation. Chapter 2
examines poverty in Nicaragua today and during 1993-98 and
includes the results of a qualitative assessment of poverty.
Chapter 3 looks at public expenditures in the social sectors
and their impact on poverty. Chapter 4 looks at rural
poverty and agriculture, while Chapter 5 lays out key issues
that would be important to address in a poverty reduction
strategy. Some key priorities emerge from the analysis that
should be considered: 1) Broad-based growth is essential to
reduce poverty. 2) Poverty reduction is limited by
population growth. 3) Sustaining rural income growth. 4)
Improvements are needed in the public sector to build strong
programs that reach the poor. 5) Foreign capital inflows
distort expenditures. 6) Donors share the responsibility
with the Government to reconsider priorities in order to
ensure greater impact of development assistance on poverty
reduction. 7) Sustaining the provision of basic social
services and building human capital. 8) Establishing
effective social protection mechanisms for the poor.
Palabras clave
AGRICULTURE, APARTMENTS, BASIC NEEDS, CENTRAL BANK, COMPARING POVERTY, CONSUMPTION AGGREGATE, CONSUMPTION INFORMATION, CONSUMPTION LEVEL, DATA SETS, DEFLATION, DURABLE GOODS, EQUIVALENCE SCALE, EXPENDITURE DATA, EXPENDITURE INFORMATION, FINANCIAL MARKETS, FISH, FOOD COMPONENT, FOOD CONSUMPTION, FOOD ITEM, GDP, GENDER, GEOGRAPHIC AREA, GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, HEALTH CARE, HOMEOWNERS, HOMES, HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS, HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION, HOUSEHOLD INCOME, HOUSEHOLD MEMBERS, HOUSEHOLD SIZE, HOUSEHOLD WELFARE, HOUSES, HOUSING, INCOME, INEQUALITY MEASURES, INSURANCE, LABOR MARKETS, LEISURE, LOTTERIES, MEAN VALUE, MEDICAL SERVICES, MONTHLY EXPENDITURE, MORTALITY, NON- FOOD COMPONENT, NON- FOOD ITEMS, NON-FOOD COMPONENTS, OIL, PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION, PER CAPITA COST, POOR COUNTRIES, POPULATION GROUPS, POVERTY ASSESSMENT, POVERTY COMPARISONS, POVERTY LINES, POVERTY REDUCTION, PRICE CHANGES, PRICE DIFFERENCES, PRICE INDEXES, PRICE INFORMATION, PRIVATE INSURANCE, PUBLIC EXPENDITURES, PUBLIC HEALTH, PURCHASE PRICE, PURCHASING POWER, REGIONAL PRICE INDEX, RENTAL HOUSING, RENTING, RURAL AREA, RURAL HOUSEHOLDS, SOCIAL PROTECTION, URBAN AREAS, USE VALUE POVERTY ASSESSMENTS, POVERTY REDUCTION, FERTILITY RATES, DOMESTIC VIOLENCE, RURAL POVERTY, CHILD NUTRITION, MALNUTRITION IN CHILDREN, INFANT MORTALITY, MATERNAL MORTALITY, PARASITIC DISEASES, FOREIGN CAPITAL, ILLITERACY RATES, SOCIAL SERVICES, PRIMARY EDUCATION, RURAL INCOME, NUTRITION PROGRAMS, SOCIAL PROTECTION SYSTEMS, EXTERNAL DEBT, ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE, PUBLIC EXPENDITURES, PUBLIC EXPENDITURES FOR EDUCATION, PUBLIC EXPENDITURES FOR HEALTH, RURAL DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS, SOCIAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY, NONFARM INCOME, MACROECONOMIC STABILITY, POPULATION INCREASE, GENDER EQUALITY