Social Exclusion and Mobility in Brazil

Gacitúa Marió, Estanislao; Woolcock, Michael

Social Exclusion and Mobility in Brazil

Autores

Gacitúa Marió, Estanislao

Woolcock, Michael

Editor

Washington, DC : World Bank

Descripción

This book examines issues related to reducing inequality in Brazil. As the volume's editors assert with authority, the current national political climate in Brazil provides an unprecedented space for discussing this topic. Among the several investigations that have looked at exclusion and social mobility in Brazil, very few have presented as much empirical evidence as the studies included in this volume. In addition to reviewing the pertinent literature, Social Exclusion and Mobility in Brazil examines the changing income dynamics among homogeneous groups over a 20-year period. The analysis points to factors-such as ethnicity, education, gender, occupation, and location-that affect the probability that a group will remain in the situation of poverty. The volume also examines Brazilians' perceptions of these circumstances and the cultural values that make coexistence possible given very high levels of inequality and low levels of mobility. It reveals that Brazilians expect the state-and only the state-to create mechanisms capable of transforming this situation. This volume presents a set of recommendations for discussion by citizens, academics, and policy makers. These topics include improving labor market equality and increasing access to assets; improving the social security system; supporting the formation of human capital, particularly among youth; reducing discrimination based on characteristics such as race and gender; and strengthening citizenship and participation.

Palabras clave

ACCESS TO EDUCATION, ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE, ACCESS TO INFORMATION, ACCESS TO SERVICES, ADDICTION, ADULT ROLE MODELS, AGED, APARTMENTS, CAPITAL FORMATION, CLINICS, COMMUNITIES, CPI, CRIME, DAY CARE, DEMOGRAPHICS, DISCRIMINATION, DOMESTIC VIOLENCE, DRINKING WATER, DRUG ADDICTION, DWELLING, EDUCATION, EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE, EMPLOYMENT, EQUALITY, EXPOSURE TO VIOLENCE, EXTENDED FAMILIES, EXTERNALITIES, EXTREME POVERTY, FAMILIES, FAMILY BACKGROUND, FEMALE HEADED HOUSEHOLDS, FINANCIAL RESOURCES, GENDER, GENDER DISCRIMINATION, GIRLS, HEALTH, HEALTH CARE, HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT, HOMES, HOSPITALS, HOUSEHOLDS, HOUSES, HOUSING, HOUSING AGENCIES, ILLEGAL DRUGS, INCOME, INCOME INEQUALITY, INCOME LEVELS, INFANTS, INFLATION, INFLATION RATES, INFORMAL SECTOR, INHABITANTS, INSURANCE, INSURANCE MARKETS, ISOLATION, LABOR FORCE, LABOR MARKETS, LEGISLATION, LIVING CONDITIONS, LOCAL AUTHORITIES, LONELINESS, LOW INCOME, MALE YOUTH, MARIJUANA, MEDICINES, MENTAL HEALTH, MENTAL HEALTH PROBLEMS, MIGRATION, MOBILITY, MORTALITY, MOTHERS, NEIGHBORHOODS, NUTRITION, NUTRITIONAL STATUS, OBSTETRIC CARE, OCCUPATIONS, PARENTING, PARENTS, PEER PRESSURE, PERSONAL SAFETY, POLICY MAKERS, POOR NEIGHBORHOODS, POPULATION GROUPS, PREGNANCIES, PREGNANCY, PREGNANT TEENAGERS, PREGNANT WOMEN, PRIMARY SCHOOL, PUBLIC HEALTH, PUBLIC HOUSING, RESIDENCES, ROLE IN SOCIETY, SAFETY, SAFETY NETS, SCHOOL DROPOUTS, SCHOOLS, SELF-ESTEEM, SETTLEMENTS, SEXUAL BEHAVIOR, SEXUAL HARASSMENT, SLUMS, SOCIAL CAPITAL, SOCIAL COHESION, SOCIAL EXCLUSION, SOCIAL INSURANCE, SOCIAL NETWORKS, SOCIAL SERVICES, STREET CHILDREN, STREET LIFE, STREET VENDORS, TEENAGE MOTHERS, TEENAGE PREGNANCY, TEENAGERS, TOWNS, UNEMPLOYMENT, UNEMPLOYMENT RATES, URBAN AREAS, URBAN DEVELOPMENT, VANDALISM, VIOLENCE, VULNERABLE GROUPS, WAGES, WIDOWS, WORKERS, WORKING CONDITIONS, YOUTH SOCIAL CONDITIONS, SOCIAL ALIENATION, POVERTY INCIDENCE, URBAN COMMUNITIES, QUANTITATIVE DATA, QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS, GEOGRAPHIC CONCENTRATION, SPATIAL POVERTY TRAPS, INCOME GROUPS, MARGINALITY, VULNERABLE GROUPS, LABOR MARKET NEXUS, ACCESSIBLE SERVICES, SOCIAL SAFETY NETS, HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS, INCOME DISTRIBUTION