Arab Republic of Egypt - Improving Quality, Equality, and Efficiency in the Education Sector : Fostering a Competent Generation of Youth
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The purpose of this report is to support
the government of the Arab Republic of Egypt in reviewing
the status of the pre-university education sector; and in
identifying the key challenges it faces as it develops and
implements a strategic plan to enhance its base of human
capital. The key overarching finding, based primarily on the
analyses presented in the second, third and fourth chapters
of this report is that while significant progress has been
made in providing more educational opportunities to Egyptian
citizens, the quality of that educational experience is low
and unequally distributed, leading to unequal educational
outcomes. While inputs are important to quality, the authors
also define quality in terms of specific outcomes that
indicate learning at a level necessary to compete in a
global marketplace. For instance, international test
results, such as the trends in International Mathematics and
Science Study (TIMSS), are taken to be a strong indicator of
educational outcomes that matter, and quality education is
generally assumed to impact those outcomes. In addition, it
is also clear that Egypt already spends a large share of its
public and private resources (by international comparison)
on education and, therefore, further improvements in
equality of quality provision need to be financed to a great
extent through efficiency gains.
Palabras clave
ACHIEVEMENT SCORES, ACHIEVEMENT TEST RESULTS, ACHIEVEMENT TESTS, ACHIEVEMENTS, AVERAGE CLASS SIZE, AVERAGE TEACHER SALARIES, BACKGROUND PAPERS, BARRIERS TO ENTRY, BASIC EDUCATION, BINDING, CAREER, CIVIL SERVICE, CLASS SIZES, CLASSROOM, CLASSROOM CONSTRUCTION, COGNITIVE SKILLS, COLLEGES, COMMERCIAL EDUCATION, COMPULSORY SCHOOLING, COSTS OF EDUCATION, CRITICAL THINKING, CURRICULUM, DECENTRALIZATION, DECISION MAKING, DISADVANTAGED SCHOOLS, DISADVANTAGED STUDENTS, EDUCATION ATTAINMENT, EDUCATION COMMITTEE, EDUCATION DATA, EDUCATION DECENTRALIZATION, EDUCATION EXPENDITURE, EDUCATION OUTCOMES, EDUCATION POLICIES, EDUCATION POLICY, EDUCATION REFORM, EDUCATION SECTOR, EDUCATION SPENDING, EDUCATION STUDENTS, EDUCATION SYSTEM, EDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENT, EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT, EDUCATIONAL ENROLMENT, EDUCATIONAL EQUALITY, EDUCATIONAL EQUITY, EDUCATIONAL EXPERIENCE, EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES, EDUCATIONAL OUTCOMES, EDUCATIONAL PARTICIPATION, EDUCATIONAL PERFORMANCE, EDUCATIONAL PERSONNEL, EDUCATIONAL POLICY, EDUCATIONAL QUALITY, EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM, EFFECTIVE SCHOOLS, EMPLOYMENT, ENROLLMENT DATA, ENROLLMENT RATE, ENROLLMENT RATES, ENROLMENT RATES, ENROLMENTS, EQUAL EDUCATION, EQUAL OPPORTUNITY, EXAM, EXAMS, EXPENDITURES, EXPERIMENTAL SCHOOLS, FACULTIES, FEMALE YOUTH, FORMAL EDUCATION, FORMAL SCHOOLING, FREE UNIVERSITY EDUCATION, GENDER GAP, GENDER PARITY, GENERAL EDUCATION, GER, GIRLS, GRADE EXAM, GROSS ENROLLMENT, GROSS ENROLLMENT RATES, GROSS ENROLMENT, GROSS ENROLMENT RATES, HIGH SCHOOL, HIGH SCHOOLS, HIGHER EDUCATION, HIGHER EDUCATION ENROLLMENT, HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS, HIGHER ENROLMENT, HUMAN CAPITAL, HUMAN CAPITAL FORMATION, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, HUMAN RESOURCES, INCENTIVES FOR TEACHERS, INSTRUCTION, INSTRUCTION METHODS, INSTRUCTIONAL TIME, INTERVENTIONS, INVESTMENT IN EDUCATION, JOB MARKET, JOB OPPORTUNITIES, LABOR FORCE, LABOR MARKETS, LEADERSHIP, LEARNING, LEARNING OUTCOMES, LET, LEVEL OF EDUCATION, LITERACY, LITERACY LEVELS, LITERATURE, LOCAL LABOR MARKET, LOWER QUALITY EDUCATION, LOWER SECONDARY EDUCATION, MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, NATIONAL CURRICULA, NATIONAL CURRICULUM, NET ENROLLMENT, NET ENROLMENT, NET ENROLMENT RATES, PARENTAL EDUCATION, PEDAGOGICAL APPROACHES, PEDAGOGY, POST-SECONDARY EDUCATION, PREPARATORY SCHOOLS