Fish metabolomes: Application of 1h nmr spectroscopy in quality and origin determination.
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The global fish industry faces persistent challenges related to product quality, safety, and authenticity, driven by complex supply chains, increasing demand, and the perishable nature of aquatic products. Traditional analytical methods often fall short in providing rapid, comprehensive, and non-destructive insights into the complex biochemical changes occurring in fish. Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy has emerged as a powerful and versatile tool for metabolomics, offering a holistic view of the low-molecular-weight compounds (metabolites) present in biological samples. The present study applied 1H High-Resolution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance for chemical fingerprint identification in mullets from Araruama Lagoon, with the objective of obtaining a geographical identification brand for fish from the Lakes Region of Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. Lyophilized mullet muscle samples were used to prepare aqueous extracts. Subsequently, the samples were carefully transferred to 5 mm NMR tubes and placed in the NMR spectrometer (600 MHz for 1H frequency) for analysis. As partial results, 22 metabolites related to degradation biomarkers, essential metabolites, energy expenditure, and muscle structure were identified. The 1H NMR tool was efficient in determining metabolites that can be considered biomarkers in analyses for fish characterization.
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Metabolitos, Biomarcadores, 1H RMN análises, Próton, Tainha, Músculo, Tecnologia Nuclear, Mullet, Metabolites, Muscles, Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy