Equity in Climate Change : An Analytical Review

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dc.creatorSubramanian, Arvind
dc.creatorMattoo, Aaditya
dc.date2012-03-19T18:41:12Z
dc.date2012-03-19T18:41:12Z
dc.date2010-07-01
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-01T01:12:56Z
dc.descriptionHow global emissions reduction targets can be achieved equitably is a key issue in climate change discussions. This paper presents an analytical framework to encompass contributions to the literature on equity in climate change, and highlights the consequences -- in terms of future emissions allocations -- of different approaches to equity. Progressive cuts relative to historic levels -- for example, 80 percent by industrial countries and 20 percent by developing countries -- in effect accord primacy to adjustment costs and favor large current emitters such as the United States, Canada, Australia, oil exporters, and China. In contrast, principles of equal per capita emissions, historic responsibility, and ability to pay favor some large and poor developing countries such as India, Indonesia, and the Philippines, but hurt industrial countries as well as many other developing countries. The principle of preserving future development opportunities has the appeal that it does not constrain developing countries in the future by a problem that they did not largely cause in the past, but it shifts the burden of meeting climate change goals entirely to industrial countries. Given the strong conflicts of interest in defining equity in emission allocations, it may be desirable to shift the emphasis of international cooperation toward generating a low-carbon technology revolution. Equity considerations would then play a role not in allocating a shrinking emissions pie but in informing the relative contributions of countries to generating such a pie-enlarging revolution.
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.formattext/plain
dc.identifierhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20100727114815
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/3866
dc.identifierhttps://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-5383
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/416178
dc.languageEnglish
dc.relationPolicy Research working paper ; no. WPS 5383
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.rightsWorld Bank
dc.subjectABATEMENT
dc.subjectABATEMENT COSTS
dc.subjectABILITY TO PAY PRINCIPLE
dc.subjectAGGREGATE CARBON
dc.subjectAGGREGATE EMISSIONS
dc.subjectALLOWANCE
dc.subjectALTERNATIVE SCENARIOS
dc.subjectAMOUNT OF EMISSIONS
dc.subjectATMOSPHERE
dc.subjectAVERAGE EMISSIONS
dc.subjectCARBON BUDGET
dc.subjectCARBON DIOXIDE
dc.subjectCARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS
dc.subjectCARBON SINK
dc.subjectCERCLA
dc.subjectCLEARING OF FORESTS
dc.subjectCLIMATE
dc.subjectCLIMATE CHANGE
dc.subjectCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION
dc.subjectCLIMATE CHANGE NEGOTIATIONS
dc.subjectCLIMATE CHANGE PROBLEM
dc.subjectCLIMATE DAMAGE
dc.subjectCLIMATE POLICY
dc.subjectCO2
dc.subjectCONVERGENCE
dc.subjectCUMULATIVE EMISSIONS
dc.subjectDISTRIBUTION OF EMISSIONS
dc.subjectDOMESTIC CARBON
dc.subjectECONOMIC ACTIVITY
dc.subjectECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES
dc.subjectECONOMIC COSTS
dc.subjectECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH RATES
dc.subjectECONOMIC INCENTIVES
dc.subjectECONOMIC MODELS
dc.subjectECONOMIC RESOURCES
dc.subjectECONOMIC VALUE
dc.subjectECONOMIC WELFARE
dc.subjectECONOMICS
dc.subjectEMISSION
dc.subjectEMISSION CUTS
dc.subjectEMISSION LEVELS
dc.subjectEMISSION REDUCTIONS
dc.subjectEMISSION TARGETS
dc.subjectEMISSIONS ALLOCATION
dc.subjectEMISSIONS ALLOCATIONS
dc.subjectEMISSIONS CUTS
dc.subjectEMISSIONS ENTITLEMENTS
dc.subjectEMISSIONS FROM DEFORESTATION
dc.subjectEMISSIONS GROWTH
dc.subjectEMISSIONS GROWTH RATE
dc.subjectEMISSIONS INTENSITY
dc.subjectEMISSIONS LEVELS
dc.subjectEMISSIONS MITIGATION
dc.subjectEMISSIONS PATHS
dc.subjectEMISSIONS REDUCTIONS
dc.subjectEMISSIONS RIGHTS
dc.subjectEMPIRICAL BASIS
dc.subjectENERGY CONSUMPTION
dc.subjectENERGY USE
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL
dc.subjectEQUITY CONSIDERATIONS
dc.subjectEQUITY PRINCIPLE
dc.subjectEQUITY PRINCIPLES
dc.subjectFEASIBILITY
dc.subjectFINANCIAL CRISIS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL FLOWS
dc.subjectFOREST
dc.subjectFOREST DEGRADATION
dc.subjectFORESTRY
dc.subjectFORESTS
dc.subjectFRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE
dc.subjectGHG
dc.subjectGHGS
dc.subjectGLOBAL EMISSIONS
dc.subjectGLOBAL EMISSIONS REDUCTION
dc.subjectGLOBAL WARMING
dc.subjectGREENHOUSE
dc.subjectGREENHOUSE GASES
dc.subjectGROWTH ASSUMPTIONS
dc.subjectHAZARDOUS WASTE
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD ENERGY
dc.subjectHYDROCARBONS
dc.subjectINCOME
dc.subjectINCOME DISTRIBUTION
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
dc.subjectLAND COVER CHANGE
dc.subjectLARGE EMISSIONS
dc.subjectLEVEL OF EMISSIONS
dc.subjectLEVELS OF EMISSIONS
dc.subjectLOW-CARBON
dc.subjectLOWER COSTS
dc.subjectMARGINAL UTILITY
dc.subjectMONETARY FUND
dc.subjectOIL
dc.subjectOIL EXPORTERS
dc.subjectPER CAPITA EMISSION
dc.subjectPER CAPITA INCOME
dc.subjectPER CAPITA INCOMES
dc.subjectPOLLUTERS
dc.subjectPOLLUTION
dc.subjectPROPERTY RIGHTS
dc.subjectPURCHASING POWER
dc.subjectQUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS
dc.subjectQUOTAS
dc.subjectREDUCING EMISSIONS
dc.subjectREDUCTION IN EMISSIONS
dc.subjectSCENARIOS
dc.subjectTECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE
dc.subjectTECHNOLOGICAL OPTIONS
dc.subjectTECHNOLOGICAL PROGRESS
dc.subjectTEMPERATURE
dc.subjectTHRESHOLD LEVEL
dc.subjectTIMBER
dc.subjectTOTAL EMISSIONS
dc.subjectTROPICAL FORESTS
dc.subjectUTILITIES
dc.subjectWORLD EMISSIONS
dc.subjectWORLD ENERGY
dc.subjectWORLD ENERGY OUTLOOK
dc.titleEquity in Climate Change : An Analytical Review

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