Exports, Export Destinations, and Skills

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dc.creatorWorld Bank
dc.date2013-04-23T15:40:37Z
dc.date2013-04-23T15:40:37Z
dc.date2010-05
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-01T01:14:01Z
dc.descriptionThis paper explores the links between exports, export destinations and skill utilization by firms. The authors identify two mechanisms behind these links, which we integrate into a unified theory of export destinations and skills. First, exporting to high-income countries requires quality upgrades that are skill-intensive (Verhoogen, 2008). Second, exporting in general, and exporting to high-income destinations in particular, requires services like distribution, transportation, and advertising, activities that are also intensive in skilled labor (Matsuyama, 2007). Both theories suggest a skill-bias in export destinations: firms that export to high-income destinations hire more skills and pay higher wages than firms that export to middle-income countries or that sells domestically. The authors test the theory using a panel of manufacturing Argentine firms. The data cover the period 1998-2000 and thus span the Brazilian currency devaluation of 1999. The authors use the exogenous changes in exports and export destinations brought about by this devaluation in a major export partner to identify the causal effect of exporting and of exporting to high-income countries on skill utilization. The authors fine that Argentine firms exporting to high-income countries hired a higher proportion of skilled workers and paid higher average wages than other exporters (to non high-income countries) and domestic firms. Instead, the authors cannot identify any causal effect of exporting per se on either skill utilization or average wages.
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.formattext/plain
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2010/05/16400586/exports-export-destinations-skills-exports-export-destinations-skills
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/13261
dc.identifierhttps://doi.org/10.1596/13261
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/416334
dc.languageEnglish
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.rightsWorld Bank
dc.subjectACCOUNTING
dc.subjectAGGREGATE DEMAND
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES
dc.subjectBILATERAL TRADE
dc.subjectCAPACITY CONSTRAINTS
dc.subjectCOMMODITIES
dc.subjectCOMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE
dc.subjectCONSTANT RETURNS TO SCALE
dc.subjectCONSUMERS
dc.subjectCURRENCY
dc.subjectCURRENCY DEVALUATION
dc.subjectDELIVERY OF GOODS
dc.subjectDEVALUATION
dc.subjectDEVELOPING COUNTRIES
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT BANK
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS
dc.subjectDOMESTIC MARKET
dc.subjectDOMESTIC MARKETS
dc.subjectDUMMY VARIABLES
dc.subjectECONOMETRICS
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectECONOMIC RESEARCH
dc.subjectEFFICIENCY WAGES
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectENDOGENOUS VARIABLES
dc.subjectEQUIPMENT
dc.subjectEXCHANGE RATE
dc.subjectEXCHANGE RATES
dc.subjectEXPORT
dc.subjectEXPORT MARKET
dc.subjectEXPORT MARKETS
dc.subjectEXPORT SHARE
dc.subjectEXPORT SHARES
dc.subjectEXPORTER
dc.subjectEXPORTERS
dc.subjectEXPORTS
dc.subjectEXPOSURE
dc.subjectFINANCIAL CRISIS
dc.subjectFIRM PERFORMANCE
dc.subjectFIXED COSTS
dc.subjectFOREIGN MARKETS
dc.subjectFOREIGN TRADE
dc.subjectGENERAL EQUILIBRIUM
dc.subjectGENERAL EQUILIBRIUM MODELS
dc.subjectGLOBALIZATION
dc.subjectHOMOGENEOUS GOODS
dc.subjectINCOME
dc.subjectINCOME GROUPS
dc.subjectINSTRUMENT
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL BUSINESS
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL MARKETS
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL TRADE
dc.subjectLABOR FORCE
dc.subjectLABOR MARKET
dc.subjectLABOR TURNOVER
dc.subjectLABOR UTILIZATION
dc.subjectLOCAL MARKETS
dc.subjectLOW-INCOME COUNTRIES
dc.subjectMACROECONOMIC EFFECTS
dc.subjectMARGINAL COST
dc.subjectMARGINAL COSTS
dc.subjectMARGINAL UTILITY
dc.subjectMARKET ENTRY
dc.subjectMARKET PENETRATION
dc.subjectMARKET SIZE
dc.subjectMIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES
dc.subjectMIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES
dc.subjectMIDDLE-INCOME ECONOMIES
dc.subjectMONOPOLISTIC COMPETITION
dc.subjectNEW MARKETS
dc.subjectOPTIMIZATION
dc.subjectOUTPUT
dc.subjectOUTSOURCING
dc.subjectPOLITICAL ECONOMY
dc.subjectPRICE DISCRIMINATION
dc.subjectPRODUCT DIFFERENTIATION
dc.subjectPRODUCTION PROCESS
dc.subjectPRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectPROFIT SHARING
dc.subjectREGRESSION ANALYSIS
dc.subjectRETURNS
dc.subjectRETURNS TO SCALE
dc.subjectSEMISKILLED WORKERS
dc.subjectSKILLED LABOR
dc.subjectSKILLED WORKERS
dc.subjectTAX
dc.subjectTRADE LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectTRADING
dc.subjectUNSKILLED LABOR
dc.subjectUNSKILLED WORKERS
dc.subjectUTILITY FUNCTION
dc.subjectVALUATIONS
dc.subjectVALUE ADDED
dc.subjectVARIABLE COST
dc.subjectWAGES
dc.titleExports, Export Destinations, and Skills

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