Ecuador : An Economic and Social Agenda in the New Millennium
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World Bank: Washington, DC
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The book focuses on three overarching
themes: fiscal consolidation and growth; social development;
and, quality of government, and, documents Ecuador's
development trends, policies, and options. The fundamental
challenges facing the country are identified within this
book, and the solutions represent a break with the past:
this is a proposal for an agenda with a broad, and
integrated vision of economic, and social development in
Ecuador. As a central message, the book outlines that
although economic growth is a necessary condition to combat
poverty, it would however be insufficient, unless growth is
sustainable, and participatory, i.e., that broad sectors of
the most vulnerable population (such as marginalized
indigenous populations) are included. Thus, the argument for
preserving stability with fiscal discipline, and
accelerating growth with competitiveness, is based on a
guaranteed balanced macroeconomic framework, that promotes
economic expansion and competitiveness by making input
markets - particularly the labor market - more flexible, by
opening the economy to foreign trade, and eliminating trade
policies. Expansion of the petroleum sector should be
accelerated through legal and regulatory changes to prod
fiscal stability, and promote private investments. Boosting
sustainable, and equitable social development can be ensured
by the government through actions focused on human capital
development, improved quality of education and health
services, and efficient social safety network. And in
building a quality government that serves its people, and
fights against corruption, the book stipulates regulatory
reforms, and provision of direct services, within a strategy
complemented with strengthened civil service, and deepening
of the judicial reform, in the general context of decentralization.
Palabras clave
ECONOMIC GROWTH, SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT, FISCAL CONSOLIDATION, GROWTH PROMOTION, GOVERNANCE CAPACITY, POLICY DEVELOPMENT, POVERTY REDUCTION, PARTICIPATORY METHODS, TARGETED ASSISTANCE, VULNERABLE GROUPS, INDIGENOUS POPULATIONS, FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY, COMPETITIVENESS, MACROECONOMIC PLANNING, MARKET COMPETITION, LABOR MARKET POLICY, FOREIGN TRADE, TRADE BARRIERS, TRADE LIBERALIZATION, PETROLEUM LEGISLATION, LEGAL & REGULATORY FRAMEWORK, PRIVATE INVESTMENTS, HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT, SOCIAL SAFETY NETS, QUALITY OF EDUCATION, QUALITY OF HEALTH CARE, CORRUPT PRACTICES, REGULATORY REFORM, SERVICE DELIVERY, CIVIL SERVICE, JUDICIAL REFORM, DECENTRALIZATION ACCOUNTABILITY, ADMINISTRATIVE SYSTEM, AFFILIATE, AUTHORIZATION, BALANCE SHEET, BANKING SYSTEM, CAPITALIZATION, CENTRAL GOVERNMENT, CITIZENS, CIVIL SERVICE, CONSOLIDATION, CORRUPTION, COUNCILS, CPI, CURRENT PRICES, DEBT, DEBT MANAGEMENT, DEBT SERVICE, DECENTRALIZATION PROCESS, ECONOMETRICS, ECONOMIC ANALYSIS, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMICS, ELECTRICITY, EMPLOYMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY, EXCHANGE RATE, EXPENDITURE, EXPENDITURES, FINANCIAL CRISIS, FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT, FINANCIAL RISK, FINANCIAL SYSTEM, FISCAL, FISCAL DECENTRALIZATION, FISCAL DEFICITS, FISCAL DISCIPLINE, FISCAL RESPONSIBILITY, FISCAL TRANSPARENCY, FOREIGN DEBT, GOVERNMENT REVENUES, GOVERNMENT SPENDING, HEALTH INSURANCE, HEALTH INSURANCE COVERAGE, HEALTH SECTOR, HEALTH SERVICES, HOUSING, HUMAN RESOURCES, IMPORTS, INCOME, INFANT MORTALITY, INFLATION, INFORMAL EMPLOYMENT, INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK, INSTITUTIONAL STRUCTURE, INSURANCE, INTERGOVERNMENTAL RELATIONS, LABOR COSTS, LABOR FORCE, LABOR MARKET, LABOR MARKET FLEXIBILITY, LAWS, LEGAL ASSISTANCE, LEGAL REFORM, LICENSES, LIFE EXPECTANCY, LOCAL GOVERNMENT, MACROECONOMIC PERFORMANCE, MIGRATION, MORTALITY, MUNICIPAL SERVICES, MUNICIPALITIES, MUNICIPALITY, OIL, OIL SECTOR, POLLUTION, PRICE CHANGES, PRIVATE BANKS, PRIVATE SECTOR, PRODUCERS, PRODUCTIVITY, PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION, PUBLIC DEBT, PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT, PUBLIC FINANCE, PUBLIC HEALTH, PUBLIC SECTOR, PUBLIC SPENDING, PURCHASING POWER, RESOURCES MANAGEMENT, REVOLUTION, RISK FACTORS, RISK MANAGEMENT, SEWAGE, SOCIAL ASSISTANCE, SOCIAL ASSISTANCE SYSTEM, SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT, SOCIAL EQUITY, SOCIAL SECURITY, STATE BUDGET, STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT, SUBSIDIARY, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, TAX, TAX ADMINISTRATION, TAX COLLECTION, TAX POLICY, TAX REFORM, TAX REVENUE, TAX REVENUES, TAX SYSTEM, TELECOMMUNICATIONS, TRANSPARENCY, TRANSPORT, TREASURY, UNEMPLOYMENT, URBAN AREAS, URBAN DEVELOPMENT, URBAN POVERTY, URBAN SERVICES, URBANIZATION, UTILITIES, WATER SUPPLY, WILLINGNESS TO PAY