The Environment for Women's Entrepreneurship in the Middle East and North Africa
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Washington, DC : World Bank
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This report is about how women
entrepreneurs can contribute more to the quality and
direction of economic and social development in the Middle
East and North Africa (MENA) region. Economic growth in the
Middle East has been remarkable since 2004, mainly because
of higher oil prices. Rapid job growth has followed, driven
mainly by the private sector. Yet the region still faces two
important challenges: the first is to create better jobs for
an increasingly educated young workforce; and the second is
to diversify its economies away from the traditional sectors
of agriculture, natural resources, construction, and public
works and into sectors that can provide more and better jobs
for young people (sectors that are more export oriented,
labor intensive, and knowledge driven). These goals can be
achieved only by more innovative and diverse investors. In
this, the private sector must play an even bigger role than
in the past.
Palabras clave
ACCESS TO FINANCE, ACCESS TO LAND, ACCESS TO LENDERS, ADVOCACY, BARRIERS TO INVESTMENT, BARRIERS TO WOMEN, BUSINESS ACTIVITIES, BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT, BUSINESS ENVIRONMENTS, BUSINESS FORMATION, BUSINESS OWNERS, BUSINESS TRANSACTIONS, BUSINESSWOMAN, CAPITAL INVESTMENTS, CASH FLOW, CC, COMMERCIAL BANKS, CORRUPTION, COURT, CREDIT CARDS, CRIME, DISCRIMINATION, DISCRIMINATORY LAWS, DIVERSIFICATION, EARNINGS, ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES, ECONOMIC ACTIVITY, ECONOMIC AGENTS, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY, ECONOMIC RESOURCES, ECONOMIC RIGHTS, ECONOMIES OF SCALE, EDUCATED WOMEN, EDUCATION LEVEL, EMPLOYERS, EMPLOYMENT GROWTH, EMPOWERMENT, ENROLLMENT, ENTERPRISE SIZE, ENTRY BARRIERS, EXPANSION, FAMILIES, FAMILY LAW, FAMILY LAWS, FATHERS, FEMALE, FEMALE BUSINESS, FEMALE ENTREPRENEURS, FEMALE ENTREPRENEURSHIP, FINANCE ACCESS, FINANCES, FINANCIAL MARKETS, FINANCIAL RESOURCES, FIRM SIZE, FIRMS, FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT, FOREIGN INVESTMENT, FORMAL ECONOMY, GENDER, GENDER BIAS, GENDER DIFFERENCES, GENDER EQUALITY, GENDER GAP, GENDER GAPS, GENDER ISSUES, GENDER ROLES, GENDER SEGREGATION, GENDER-SPECIFIC BARRIERS, HOME, HUMAN CAPITAL, HUSBANDS, INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, INHERITANCE, INTERNAL FUNDS, INTERNATIONAL BANK, INTERNATIONAL MARKET, INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES, ISLAMIC LAW, JOB CREATION, JOB SECURITY, JUDGES, LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION, LABOR MARKET, LABOR MARKETS, LATIN AMERICAN, LAWS, LAWYERS, LEASING, LEGAL STATUS, LEGISLATION, LICENSING, LITERACY, MALE HEIR, MALE HEIRS, MATERNITY LEAVE, MEDICINE, MIDDLE EAST, MIDDLE EASTERN, MIDWIVES, NEW BUSINESSES, NORTH AFRICA, OPPORTUNITY FOR WOMEN, PRIVATE INVESTMENT, REAL ESTATE, RESIDENCE, RISK TAKERS, RULE OF LAW, SELF-EMPLOYMENT, SEX, SHOPS, SMALL ENTERPRISES, SMALL FIRMS, SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT, SOURCES OF FINANCE, SPECIALIST, START-UP, START-UPS, SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA, SUPPLIERS, UNEMPLOYMENT, UNIONS, WIFE, WILL, WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS, WOMEN IN BUSINESS, WORKING CAPITAL