Promoting Women's Economic Participation in India

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dc.creatorKerr, William
dc.creatorGhani, Ejaz
dc.creatorO'Connell, Stephen D.
dc.date2014-02-12T16:01:21Z
dc.date2014-02-12T16:01:21Z
dc.date2013-02
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-01T00:59:26Z
dc.descriptionDespite rapid economic growth, gender disparities in women's economic participation have remained deep and persistent in India. What explains these gender disparities? Is it poor infrastructure, limited education, or the composition of the labor force and industries? Or is it deficiencies in social and business networks and a low share of incumbent female entrepreneurs? This note analyzes the spatial determinants of female entrepreneurship in India in the manufacturing and services sectors. It finds that good infrastructure and education predict higher female entry shares. Gender networks also influence women's economic participation, as strong agglomeration economies exist in both manufacturing and services. A higher female ownership among incumbent businesses within a district-industry predicts a greater share of subsequent female entrepreneurs. Moreover, higher female ownership of local businesses in related industries (similar labor needs, input-output markets) predicts greater relative female entry rates. Unlocking female empowerment and entrepreneurship is a direct path to shared prosperity and a more dynamic and sustainable growth.
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.formattext/plain
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2013/02/17369213/promoting-womens-economic-participation-india
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/17013
dc.identifierhttps://doi.org/10.1596/17013
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/413943
dc.languageEnglish
dc.languageen_US
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.relationEconomic premise;no. 107
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectACCESS TO EDUCATION
dc.subjectAGGLOMERATION BENEFITS
dc.subjectAGGLOMERATION ECONOMIES
dc.subjectCITIES
dc.subjectDISCRIMINATION
dc.subjectDISTRICTS
dc.subjectECONOMIC BENEFITS
dc.subjectECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectEMPOWERMENT
dc.subjectFAMILIES
dc.subjectFEMALE
dc.subjectFEMALE EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectFEMALE ENTREPRENEURS
dc.subjectFEMALE LABOR
dc.subjectFEMALE LABOR FORCE
dc.subjectFEMALE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION
dc.subjectFEMALE LITERACY
dc.subjectGENDER
dc.subjectGENDER BALANCE
dc.subjectGENDER COMPOSITION
dc.subjectGENDER DISPARITIES
dc.subjectGENDER EQUALITY
dc.subjectGENDER GAP
dc.subjectGENDER IMBALANCES
dc.subjectINEQUALITY
dc.subjectINFORMAL SECTOR
dc.subjectLABOR FORCE
dc.subjectLABOR LAWS
dc.subjectLABOR MARKET
dc.subjectLABOR MARKETS
dc.subjectLAND TRANSPORT
dc.subjectLITERACY
dc.subjectLOCAL INPUT
dc.subjectLOCAL TRANSPORT
dc.subjectMOBILITY
dc.subjectMOTOR VEHICLES
dc.subjectOCCUPATIONS
dc.subjectPOACHING
dc.subjectPOPULATION DENSITY
dc.subjectPRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectROADS
dc.subjectROLE OF WOMEN
dc.subjectSAFETY
dc.subjectSANITATION
dc.subjectSEX
dc.subjectSEX RATIO
dc.subjectTRANSPORT
dc.subjectTRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE
dc.subjectTRANSPORTATION
dc.subjectTRANSPORTATION COSTS
dc.subjectTRAVEL TIME
dc.subjectTRUE
dc.subjectVILLAGES
dc.subjectWILL
dc.titlePromoting Women's Economic Participation in India

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