China : Mid-Term Evaluation of China's Eleventh Five-Year
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World Bank
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This mid-term review has been undertaken
to assess progress in the implementation of the Eleventh
Five-Year Plan (11th 5YP) during its first two years and a
half, draw preliminary lessons, and make recommendations for
policy adjustments. The review examines the following
strategic objectives: ensuring the stable operation of the
macro economy and improving living standards; optimizing and
upgrading of industrial structure; increasing energy
efficiency; coordinating urban and rural development;
improving basic public services; and enhancing sustainable
development. Domestically, natural disasters-the severe
storms, winter and the massive earthquake in Sichuan-took a
heavy toll. Externally, global demand has slowed owing to
the slump in the United States (U.S.) housing market and the
related credit crisis and increased risk aversion.
International oil, food, and other commodity prices have
soared. These developments pose new challenges. But they
also reinforce the appropriateness of the policy priorities
of the 11th 5YP to increase the economy's resilience
and ensure sustainable growth. The objectives and tasks set
out in the 5YP are consistent with China's development
challenges and government priorities Moreover, the
quantitative indicators generally accord well with the
overall guiding principles, orientations, and objectives,
suggesting that these have been successfully put into operation.
Palabras clave
ACCESS TO EDUCATION, ACCOUNTING, AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, AGRICULTURAL SUBSIDIES, AGRICULTURE, AIR QUALITY, BASIC NEEDS, BENCHMARK, BENCHMARKS, BENEFICIARIES, BIRTH CONTROL, CAPITAL MARKETS, CHEMICAL INDUSTRY, COAL, COMMODITY, COMMUNITY HEALTH, COMPETITIVENESS, CONSTANT PRICES, CONSUMER, CONSUMER PRICE INDEX, CPI, CREDITS, CURRENCY, CURRENT ACCOUNT, DECISION MAKING, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, DEVELOPMENT PLANNING, DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY, DISPOSABLE INCOME, DIVIDENDS, DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION, EARTHQUAKE, ECOLOGY, ECONOMIC ACTIVITY, ECONOMIC COOPERATION, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMIC STRUCTURE, EDUCATIONAL INDICATORS, EMISSION STANDARDS, EMISSIONS, EMPLOYMENT CREATION, ENERGY CONSUMPTION, ENERGY EFFICIENCY, ENERGY USE, ENFORCEMENT OF LAWS, ENVIRONMENTAL, ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION, ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY, ENVIRONMENTAL TAXES, EQUILIBRIUM, EXCHANGE RATE, EXPENDITURES, EXPORT GROWTH, EXPORTS, FAIR TRADE, FINANCIAL RESOURCES, FINANCIAL SECTOR, FINANCIAL SUPPORT, FINANCIAL SYSTEM, FISCAL POLICY, FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT, FOREST COVER, FORESTRY, FORM OF INVESTMENT, GDP, GDP PER CAPITA, GOVERNMENT POLICIES, GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS, GRAIN PRODUCTION, GREENHOUSE GAS, HEALTH CARE, HEALTH CARE REFORM, HEALTH CENTERS, HEALTH INSURANCE, HEALTH SERVICES, HEALTH SPENDING, HEALTH SYSTEM, HOUSEHOLD INCOME, HOUSEHOLD INCOMES, HUMAN BEINGS, HUMAN CAPITAL, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT, IMPORTS, INCOME, INCOME DISPARITIES, INCOME DISTRIBUTION, INCOME INEQUALITY, INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION, INDUSTRIALIZATION, INFLATION, INFORMATION SERVICES, INFORMATION SYSTEM, INSURANCE, INSURANCE SCHEMES, INTEREST RATES, INTERNATIONAL TRADE, JOB CREATION, LABOR FORCE, LABOR FORCES, LABOR MARKET, LABOR PRODUCTIVITY, LAND TENURE, LAND USE, LARGE CITIES, LIFE EXPECTANCY, LIVING CONDITIONS, LIVING STANDARD, LIVING STANDARDS, LOW INCOME, LOWER INCOME, MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT, MACROECONOMIC PERFORMANCE, MACROECONOMIC POLICIES, MACROECONOMIC POLICY, MAJOR BANKS, MARKET ECONOMY, MARKET SHARE, MATERIAL WEALTH, MEDICAL INSURANCE, MEDICAL SERVICES, MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES, MIGRANTS, MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOAL, MINORITY, MODERNIZATION, MONETARY POLICY, MONOPOLIES, MONOPOLY, MOVEMENT OF PEOPLE, NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT, NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS, NATURAL DISASTERS, NATURAL ENVIRONMENT, NATURAL RESOURCE, NATURAL RESOURCES, OIL, OIL PRICES, OLD AGE, OLD-AGE, OLIGOPOLIES, OPTIMIZATION, PENSION, PENSION SYSTEM, PENSIONS, PER CAPITA INCOME, PER CAPITA INCOMES, POLICY GUIDANCE, POLICY MAKERS, POLLUTION, POLLUTION CHARGES, POLLUTION REDUCTION, POPULATION WORK, POVERTY REDUCTION, PRICE CONTROLS, PRICE INCREASES, PRODUCERS, PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH, PRODUCTIVITY INCREASES, PUBLIC GOODS, PUBLIC HEALTH, PUBLIC POLICY, PUBLIC SERVICES, PUBLIC SUPPORT, QUALITY OF LIFE, QUANTITATIVE INDICATORS, RAPID GROWTH, RATES OF RETURN, REAL GDP, REGIONAL POLICY, REGULATORY FRAMEWORK, RESEARCH ASSISTANCE, RESOURCE ALLOCATION, RESOURCE CONSERVATION, RISK AVERSION, RURAL AREAS, RURAL COUNTIES, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE, RURAL POVERTY, RURAL RESIDENTS, SAVINGS, SEVERE STORMS, SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT, SOCIAL EQUITY, SOCIAL POLICY, SOCIAL PROGRESS, SOCIAL PROTECTION, SOCIAL SECTORS, SOCIAL SECURITY, SOLID WASTES, STATE BANKS, STRATEGIC PRIORITIES, STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT, SURPLUS LABOR, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, SUSTAINABLE GROWTH, TAX RATE, TAX REVENUES, TAXATION, TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRESS, TERMS OF TRADE, TRADE LIBERALIZATION, TRADE POLICY, UNEMPLOYMENT, UNEMPLOYMENT RATE, URBAN AREAS, URBAN DEVELOPMENT, URBAN MIGRATION, URBAN SLUMS, URBAN UNEMPLOYMENT, URBANIZATION, VALUABLE, VALUE ADDED, VOCATIONAL EDUCATION, VULNERABLE GROUPS, WAGE, WAGE GROWTH, WAGES, WATER MANAGEMENT, WATER POLLUTION, WATER RESOURCES, WEALTH, WITHDRAWAL, WTO