Forest-Smart Mining
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World Bank, Washington, DC
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Minerals and metals are fundamentally
incredibly important to societies all over the world. The
activities required to extract minerals, however, often have
negative impacts on forest landscapes and habitats. Forest
health is not only about deforestation; mining has been
found to produce severe impacts on water and soil that can
indirectly impact forest health and its ecological
integrity. Moreover, impacts of mining can become
significant when multiple instances of mining activities
happen at the same location simultaneously, as was found in
the Indonesian case studies. Therefore, there is still the
need to identify and attempt to reduce the impacts of mining
even in a landscape dominated by activities like agriculture
and forestry. Artisanal mining is typified as formal,
informal, or illegal mining operations with predominantly
rudimentary technologies in the exploration and extraction
by individuals or large groups of people. Small-scale mining
operations can also be mechanized, or semi-mechanized, and
or have a greater degree of capitalization than artisanal
mining. The World Bank’s extractive industries in forest
landscapes program seeks to address these challenges by
promoting forest-smart extractive investments to ensure that
investments in the extractives sector do not erode forest
capital and instead generate positive forest outcomes. The
artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) study and the
parallel study on large-scale mining (LSM) share the
overarching objective of supporting the World Bank’s efforts
to help client countries ensure that resource extraction
from forested areas serves as a force for poverty reduction
and sustainable development while respecting the environment
and the needs of local communities. In order to achieve a
forest-smart ASM sector, adopting an integrated approach is recommended.
Palabras clave
ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT, DEFORESTATION, MINING, FOREST CONSERVATION, ARTISANAL MINING, NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT, SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT