Brazil Low-carbon Country Case Study

de Gouvello, Christophe

Brazil Low-carbon Country Case Study

Autores

de Gouvello, Christophe

Editor

World Bank, Washington, DC

Descripción

This study was undertaken by the World Bank in its initiative to support Brazil's integrated effort towards reducing national and global emissions of greenhouse gases while promoting long term development. The study builds on the best available knowledge and to this effect the study team undertook a broad consultative process and surveyed the copious literature available to identify the need for incremental efforts and centers of excellences. The overall aim of this study was to support Brazil's efforts to identify opportunities to reduce its emissions in ways that foster economic development. The primary objective was to provide the Brazilian government the technical inputs needed to assess the potential and conditions for low-carbon development in key emitting sectors. The Brazil low carbon study aims to support Brazil's continued efforts to foster development while reducing GHG emissions. The World Bank Group has always been committed to supporting growth in developing countries, and in October 2008, it adopted a Strategic Framework on Climate Change and Development (SFCCD) to integrate climate change into the development agenda without compromising growth and poverty reduction efforts. Within the context of the SFCCD, the World Bank has undertaken a series of initiatives to support climate change mitigation within country-led development processes. One of these initiatives has been to coordinate several low-carbon growth studies through close interactions with its longstanding partners. This study is the result of that initiative. In order to build upon the best available knowledge, the study process emphasized a consultative, iterative approach that involved extensive participation by Brazilian experts and government representatives.

Palabras clave

AGRICULTURAL EMISSIONS, AIR, AIR POLLUTION, ALLOCATION, ALTERNATIVE ENERGY, AMAZON DEFORESTATION, AMAZON RAINFOREST, ANNUAL EMISSIONS, ANNUAL GLOBAL EMISSIONS, ATLANTIC FOREST, ATMOSPHERE, BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION, BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY, BIOMASS, BUS, BUS SYSTEMS, BUSES, CALCULATION, CAPITAL SUBSIDIES, CARBON BALANCE, CARBON CONTENT, CARBON CREDITS, CARBON DIOXIDE, CARBON EMISSIONS, CARBON EQUIVALENT, CARBON INTENSITY, CARBON INVENTORIES, CARBON LEAKAGE, CARBON MARKET, CARBON MITIGATION, CARBON PRICE, CARBON REMOVAL, CARBON STOCK, CARBON TECHNOLOGIES, CARBON UPTAKE, CARS, CH4, CLEAN ENERGY, CLIMATE, CLIMATE CHANGE, CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION, CO, CO2, COAL, COLORS, CONGESTION, COST OF TRANSPORT, CUMULATIVE EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS, DEFORESTATION, DEFORESTATION RATES, DEGRADED AREAS, DEGRADED FORESTS, DIESEL, DISCOUNT RATE, DOMESTIC EMISSIONS, DRIVERS, DRIVERS OF DEFORESTATION, ECONOMIC ANALYSIS, ECONOMIC BENEFITS, ECONOMIC COSTS, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMIC INCENTIVE, ECONOMICS OF CLIMATE CHANGE, ECOSYSTEM, EFFECTS OF LAND USE, EFFICIENCY GAINS, ELECTRIC POWER, ELECTRICITY, ELECTRICITY GENERATION, ELECTRICITY GENERATION CAPACITY, EMISSION, EMISSION REDUCTIONS, EMISSIONS, EMISSIONS ESTIMATES, EMISSIONS FROM AGRICULTURE, EMISSIONS FROM DEFORESTATION, EMISSIONS FROM ENERGY PRODUCTION, EMISSIONS FROM LAND USE, EMISSIONS GROWTH, EMISSIONS INVENTORIES, EMISSIONS MITIGATION, EMISSIONS PROFILE, EMISSIONS PROJECTIONS, EMISSIONS REDUCTION, EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS, EMISSIONS RESULTS, EMISSIONS SCENARIO, ENERGY BALANCE, ENERGY CONSUMPTION, ENERGY DEMAND, ENERGY EFFICIENCY, ENERGY EFFICIENCY MEASURES, ENERGY INFORMATION ADMINISTRATION, ENERGY PRODUCTION, ENERGY SOURCES, ETHANOL, FEASIBILITY, FINANCIAL INCENTIVE, FINANCIAL INCENTIVES, FINANCIAL MECHANISM, FINANCIAL RESOURCES, FINANCIAL SUPPORT, FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT, FOREST, FOREST COVER, FOREST DEGRADATION, FOREST PLANTATIONS, FOREST PROTECTION, FOREST RECOVERY, FOREST RESERVES, FOREST SERVICE, FORESTRY, FORESTRY ACTIVITIES, FORESTS, FOSSIL FUEL, FOSSIL FUELS, FOSSIL-FUEL EMISSIONS, FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE, FREIGHT, FREIGHT TRANSPORT, FUEL CONSUMPTION, FUEL OIL, FUEL SUBSTITUTION, FUEL SWITCHING, FUELS, GAS SECTOR, GASOLINE, GASOLINE CONSUMPTION, GENERATION CAPACITY, GHG, GHGS, GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE, GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILITY, GREENHOUSE, GREENHOUSE GAS, GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS, GREENHOUSE GAS REDUCTION, GREENHOUSE GAS REDUCTION TARGET, GREENHOUSE GASES, HFCS, IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE, INCOME, INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL SUPPORT, IPCC, IRON, JOBS, LAND FOR AGRICULTURE, LAND USE, LAND USE CHANGE, LAND-USE CHANGE, LAND-USE EMISSIONS, LANDFILL, LANDFILL GAS, LANDFILLS, LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS, LIQUID EFFLUENTS, LIQUID WASTE, LIVESTOCK ACTIVITIES, LNG, LOW-CARBON, MARGINAL ABATEMENT, MARGINAL ABATEMENT COST, METHANE, MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT, MITIGATION POTENTIAL, MMA, MODAL SHIFT, MOTOR VEHICLE, N2O, NATIONAL EMISSIONS, NATURAL GAS, NATURAL GAS SECTOR, NEGATIVE IMPACTS, NITROGEN, NITROUS OXIDE, OIL PRICES, PARTICLES, PASSENGER TRAIN, PASSENGERS, PERFLUOROCARBON, PERFORMANCE STANDARD, PFCS, POWER GENERATION, POWER PLANTS, PRESENT VALUE, PRICE DISTORTIONS, PRICE INDEX, RAIL, RAINFALL, RAPID TRANSIT, RATE OF DEFORESTATION, REGIONAL TRANSPORT, RENEWABLE ENERGY, RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES, ROAD, ROADS, SANITATION, SCENARIOS, SF6, SOIL CARBON, SUGAR CANE, SULFUR, SULFUR HEXAFLUORIDE, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, SUSTAINABLE ENERGY, TAX, TEMPERATURE, TOTAL EMISSIONS, TOTAL EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS, TRAFFIC, TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT, TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT MEASURES, TRANSPARENCY, TRANSPORT, TRANSPORT EMISSIONS, TRANSPORT MODES, TRANSPORT PLAN, TRANSPORT SECTOR, TRANSPORT SYSTEMS, UNCERTAINTIES, URBAN BUS, URBAN TRANSPORT, VEHICLE MANUFACTURERS, VEHICLE OWNERS, VEHICLES, WASTE MANAGEMENT, WIND, WIND ENERGY