Rehabilitation of the Bolaman and Çekerek Basins - UTF/TUR/067/TUR and UTF/TUR/068/TUR
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Soil erosion, land degradation and desertification are among the most severe environmental problems in Türkiye. Water quality and scarcity are also of grave concern as they affect the availability of water resources for human consumption and economic uses. Deforestation, sedimentation, discharges of untreated industrial and domestic effluents into freshwater bodies and the sea, insufficiency of wastewater treatment facilities, and diffuse nitrogen and ammonia pollution from agricultural activities, all contribute to decreased water quality. In addition to natural resource degradation problems, Türkiye is vulnerable to a range of natural disasters, with floods and landslides the second and third most frequent and disastrous hazards after earthquakes. The Bolaman Basin, located in the Eastern Black Sea region, experiences a composite of problems typical of the region, including soil erosion, the degradation of forest ecosystems, surface water pollution, landslides, drought and floods, all of which affect the well being and livelihoods of the local population. Similar challenges are faced by the Çekerek Basin. With a view to developing integrated solutions to these challenges, OGM initiated the preparation of two projects: the Bolaman River Basin Rehabilitation Project and the Çekerek Basin Rehabilitation Project (hereinafter referred to, respectively, as the Bolaman Project and the Çekerek Project), with funding in the form of a loan allocation from the World Bank (WB ). FAO assistance was requested to develop preparatory documents for the two rehabilitation projects.