Malnutrition in Sri Lanka : Scale, Scope, Causes, and Potential Response
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Washington, DC
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The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)
are a set of eight goals which United Nations member
countries are committed to reach by 2015. The first MDG is
to eradicate poverty and hunger. This report focuses on the
attainment of human development-related MDG by sub-national
units in Sri Lanka relating to poor and integrating
nutrition with other sectoral activities, including health,
agriculture, education, economic reform, and rural
development. It primarily focuses on developing a
programmatic framework for the health sector. Malnutrition
includes both under nutrition and overweight. Overweight
predisposes the population to higher risks of cardiovascular
diseases, diabetes, and other noncommunicable diseases
(NCDs). Even with relatively optimistic assumptions about
economic growth, it alone is insufficient to meet the MDGs.
The Government of Sri Lanka's (GOSL'S) current
policy response to malnutrition consists of three broad
strategies: direct food assistance programs, poverty
reduction programs and the provision of an integrated
package of maternal and child health and nutrition services
through the Ministry of Healthcare and Nutrition.
Complementary strategies to reduce poverty or to improve
access to safe water and sanitation must be specifically
designed to reduce inequalities. GOSL and the World Bank
both recognize the need to address malnutrition. Sri Lanka
needs to focus on three key changes to appropriately address
malnutrition: (a) Finance a technically correct set of
strategies and interventions in an economically justifiable
formulation to maximize cost-effectiveness; (b) Ensure a
high level of political commitment to sustain these actions;
and (c) Identify the appropirate instiutional arrangements
and develop necessary capacities in these instiutions.
Palabras clave
ABSOLUTE TERMS, AGED, ANNUAL RATE, BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT, CIVIL WAR, CLIMATE, CONSUMPTION INEQUALITY, CONSUMPTION POVERTY, DATA QUALITY, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, DEVELOPMENT COUNTRIES, DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS, DEVELOPMENT EFFORTS, DEVELOPMENT GOALS, DIETS, DISCRIMINATION, ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES, ECONOMICS, ECONOMICS LITERATURE, EDUCATION LEVEL, EDUCATION PROGRAMS, EMPIRICAL STUDIES, EMPLOYMENT, ESTIMATION TECHNIQUES, EXPENDITURE SURVEY, EXTREME POVERTY, FEMALE LITERACY, GENDER DISPARITIES, GINI COEFFICIENT, GIRLS, GOOD GOVERNANCE, GROWTH PERFORMANCE, HEADCOUNT RATIO, HEALTH OUTCOMES, HEALTH SERVICES, HEALTH SURVEY, HOUSEHOLD DATA, HOUSEHOLD HEAD, HOUSEHOLD INCOME, HOUSEHOLD SURVEY, HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS, HOUSING, HOUSING CONDITIONS, HUMAN CAPITAL, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT, INCOME LEVELS, INDEPENDENT VARIABLES, INFANT MORTALITY, INSTITUTIONAL REFORM, INTERNATIONAL COMPARISONS, INTERVENTION, LIFE EXPECTANCY, LIVING STANDARDS, MALNUTRITION, MEAN CONSUMPTION, MEASUREMENT ERRORS, METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES, MORTALITY, MOTHERS, MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS, NATIONAL AVERAGE, NATIONAL POVERTY, NATIONAL POVERTY LINE, NATIONAL POVERTY LINES, NUTRITION, PER CAPITA INCOME, POLICY DEVELOPMENT, POLICY VARIABLES, POOR PERFORMANCE, POVERTY ASSESSMENT, POVERTY HEADCOUNT, POVERTY LEVEL, POVERTY LEVELS, POVERTY MEASUREMENT, POVERTY RATES, POVERTY REDUCTION, POVERTY TRENDS, PRIMARY EDUCATION, PRIMARY SCHOOL, PRIVATE SECTOR, PRO-POOR, PUBLIC POLICY, PUBLIC PROGRAMS, PURCHASING POWER, PURCHASING POWER PARITY, QUALITATIVE VARIABLES, REDUCING POVERTY, REGIONAL DISPARITIES, RURAL POVERTY, SCHOOL SYSTEM, SECONDARY DATA, SECTOR ACTIVITIES, SERVICE DELIVERY, SERVICE SECTOR, SOCIAL INDICATORS, SOUTH ASIAN, STATISTICAL ANALYSIS, TASK TEAM LEADER, URBAN AREAS, URBAN POVERTY