Neonicotinoid pesticides in African agriculture: what do we know and what should be the focus for future research?

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dc.creatorOrikpete, O.F.
dc.creatorKikanme, K.N.
dc.creatorFalade, T.D.O.
dc.creatorDennis, N.M.
dc.creatorEwim, D.R.E.
dc.creatorFadare, O.O.
dc.date2025-03
dc.date2025-03-13T10:14:25Z
dc.date2025-03-13T10:14:25Z
dc.date.accessioned2026-06-27T16:02:08Z
dc.descriptionThis review provides a comprehensive overview of the direct and indirect effects of neonicotinoid pesticides (NEO-P) within African agricultural ecosystems and identifies research gaps, particularly in the monitoring and regulation of pesticide use. We observed a decline in the numbers of NEO-P studies conducted in Africa since 2019 with 40.7% of the countries reporting at least one study to date. Imidacloprid (33.5%), acetamiprid (23.3%), and thiamethoxam (25.0%) are the most reported NEO-P across the continent with concentrations range from 9.0 × 10−5 to 7.2 × 107 mg kg−1, 1.7 × 10−5 to 2.1 × 103 mg kg−1, and 1.0 × 10−5 to 4.7 × 104 mg kg−1, respectively. NEO-P have been reported in honey, water, vegetables, fruits, and staple foods in most countries and in 92–100% of human urine samples collected in Ghana and Cameroon. This widespread presence indicates a potential food safety and public health concern, warranting further study. Studies on NEO-P interactions with bees have emanated mainly from North Africa (35.3% published studies) while Central/Middle, and Southern Africa accounted for 11.8% each of these studies, all of which were conducted in Cameroon and South Africa, respectively. It is important to have contextual evidence to understand neonicotinoids-pollinator interactions across specific African regions and countries; however, literature regarding the extent of NEO-P toxicities/effects on pollinators is required in 44 African countries. The environmental persistence of NEO-P and their broad-spectrum impact necessitate a re-evaluation of current regulatory practices and adoption of more sustainable pest management strategies across the continent. Furthermore, future studies should focus on investigating the long-term exposure to NEO-P, advanced computational methods in ecological risk assessments and eco-friendly alternatives to NEO-P.
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/173603
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/120625
dc.languageen
dc.publisherElsevier
dc.rightsLimited Access
dc.sourceOrikpete, O.F., Kikanme, K.N., Falade, T.D., Dennis, N.M., Ewim, D.R.E., & Fadare, O.O. (2025). Neonicotinoid pesticides in African agriculture: what do we know and what should be the focus for future research? Chemosphere, 372, 144057.
dc.subjectpesticides
dc.subjectneonicotinoid
dc.subjectafrican
dc.subjectagriculture
dc.titleNeonicotinoid pesticides in African agriculture: what do we know and what should be the focus for future research?
dc.typeJournal Article

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Instituto Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (IITA)