Fiscal policy instruments and the political economy of designing programs to reach the poorest
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International Food Policy Research Institute
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Reaching the poorest and hungry groups of the population, including those who might be left out of the Millennium Development Goals, involves input from policymakers at the central and local levels of government. While there has been considerable focus on appropriate targeting mechanisms to reach the poor, attention as to which level of government should be involved, as well as the interactions among levels of government in reaching the poor, is more recent. From a policy perspective, it is important to examine the instruments available at each level of government in order to meet the needs of the poorest. If the responsibility for these groups is seen primarily as that of the central government, then direct federal/central government programs— effectively targeted but building on local information— come into focus. If the primary responsibility is local, the policy focus shifts to own-source revenues for financing the expenditures and for greater local accountability, together with a modicum of equalization transfers so that all local governments have similar capacities to provide for the poorest.
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poverty, hunger, food policies, food security, capacity building, vulnerability, cash transfers, malnutrition, economic development, social safety nets, health care, property rights, climate change, gender, policies, millennium development goals