Breaking Into New Markets

Shaw, William; Newfarmer, Richard; Walkenhorst, Peter

Breaking Into New Markets

Autores

Shaw, William

Newfarmer, Richard

Walkenhorst, Peter

Editor

World Bank

Descripción

This book takes a fresh look at export diversification. It concludes that much of the recent literature, though novel, has focused excessively on simply adding new products to export portfolios. One branch of these studies centers on the 'discovery' of exports, and it argues that the threat of entry (imitation) leads to an underinvestment in bringing new products to the global market. Another analytical branch focuses on changing the contents of an export portfolio to mirror the exports of countries with higher incomes on the grounds that these lead to higher productivity. Both strands implicitly point to the need for careful yet active government policies. While such policies are important, this book argues for a more comprehensive view of diversification and hence a more comprehensive trade policy strategy-one that takes into account improving the quality of existing exports, breaking into new geographic markets, and increasing services exports. This publication has been tailored to policy makers, their staffs, and the international development community at large. It is a collection of short articles that summarize major issues and policies on particular topics. Many of the chapters are digests of more formal studies but are presented here with a minimum of underlying econometric and theoretical detail of less interest to policy makers. As the World Bank increases its efforts on 'aid for trade,' Staff are working with countries to help diversify their exports. Along with other development partners, the Bank is providing enhanced assistance to improve competitiveness, facilitate trade, improve trade-related services, and exploit regional and multilateral initiatives to open markets for developing countries. This book makes a substantial contribution to the efforts of developing countries to use the global economy to spur growth and reduce poverty.

Palabras clave

ABATEMENT, ABATEMENT COSTS, AGED, AIR, AIR POLLUTION CONTROL, AIR QUALITY, BOD, CERTIFICATION, CLEAN TECHNOLOGY, COMMUNITIES, COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS, CONTROLLING AIR POLLUTION, DEVELOPED COUNTRIES, DISASTERS, DUST, ECOLOGY, ECONOMIC ACTIVITY, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMIC INCENTIVES, ECONOMIC POLICIES, ECONOMISTS, EMISSIONS, EMPLOYMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL KUZNETS, ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE, ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES, FISH, FISHERIES, GAS, GNP, GREASE, HEAVY METALS, HIGH LEVELS, HOUSING, INCOME, INCOME INEQUALITY, INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION, INDUSTRIAL WATER, INPUT PRICES, IRRIGATION WATER, LEGISLATION, MANAGERS, MEDIA, MEGACITIES, METROPOLITAN AREAS, MORTALITY, NATIONAL INCOME, NATURAL RESOURCES, OIL, POLICY, POLLUTERS, POLLUTION, POLLUTION CHARGES, POLLUTION CONTROL, POLLUTION CONTROL REGULATIONS, POLLUTION REDUCTION, POLLUTION REGULATION, REDUCING EMISSIONS, RESEARCH, RESEARCH REPORT, RIVERS, STOCKHOLDERS, SULFUR DIOXIDE, SULFUR DIOXIDE EMISSIONS, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, URBAN AREAS, URBAN POLLUTION, WAGES, WASTE, WASTE MANAGEMENT, WASTES, WASTEWATER, WATER POLLUTION, GREEN REVOLUTION, GREEN TECHNOLOGY, ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY, ECONOMIC REFORM, REGULATORY REFORM, ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, ECONOMIC INCENTIVES, POLLUTION CHARGE, EMISSION CONTROL, COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION, MARKET FORCES, DISCLOSURE OF INFORMATION, INFORMATION SYSTEMS, POLLUTION CONTROL, INSTITUTIONAL CHANGE, ENVIRONMENTALLY SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, CAPITAL MARKET, STOCK MARKETS