Tobacco Control

World Bank

Tobacco Control

Autores

World Bank

Editor

Washington, DC

Descripción

The note looks at tobacco from the health perspective, and at how to reduce its use, since smoking is becoming the single biggest cause of death worldwide, particularly affecting the developing countries, where most of the world's smokers live. It thus looks at the correlation between smoking and poverty, stating smoking prevalence tends to be higher among men with less education, and with lower incomes, hence bearing greater health risks. Because of the highly addictive factor of nicotine, smoking initiation should be discouraged, persuading particularly the young, in an aim to reduce disease, and death resulting from tobacco use. Towards this effort, the World Health Organization, the Bank, and other agencies are becoming partners to improve health, and to this end, an International Framework Convention on Tobacco Control is being negotiated, while further efforts are led by nongovernmental organizations, and nationally particularly as taxation is the most effective way to reduce tobacco use. The note also outlines evidence that results are best achieved within comprehensive measures to reduce tobacco use; that job losses in tobacco farming, and manufacturing, are to be offset by jobs in other sectors, responsive to changed expenditure patterns; and, that while most measures to reduce tobacco supply are ineffective, smuggling control is however, the key supply-side measure to pursue. [Revised February 2011]

Palabras clave

HEALTH IMPACTS, TOBACCO, HEALTH HAZARDS, SMOKING, POVERTY INCIDENCE, PREMATURE DEATH, DISEASE CONTROL, DISEASE PREVENTION & CONTROL, PRICE INCREASES, RESTRICTIONS, HEALTH WARNINGS, INFORMATION DISSEMINATION, ADDICTION, NICOTINE, ECONOMIC POLICY POLITICAL ASPECTS, SOCIAL PRESSURE, INTEREST GROUPS, ADDICTION, ADMINISTERING TOBACCO TAXES, ADULT SMOKING, ADVERSE HEALTH, ADVERSE HEALTH IMPACT, AGED, AGGRESSIVE, AGGRESSIVE CIGARETTE MARKETING, AVERAGE AGE, CANCERS, CARE PROVIDERS, CESSATION ADVICE, CESSATION PROGRAMS, CESSATION THERAPIES, CIGARETTE, CIGARETTE ADVERTISING, CIGARETTE ADVERTISING REVENUES, CIGARETTE BOXES, CIGARETTE PACKAGES, CIGARETTE PACKS, CIGARETTE SALES, CIGARETTES, CIRCULATORY DISEASES, COMPREHENSIVE BANS, CONSUMER INFORMATION, CROP SUBSTITUTION, DEATHS FROM TOBACCO, DEMAND FOR TOBACCO PRODUCTS, DISPOSABLE INCOME, ECONOMICS OF TOBACCO CONTROL, EX-SMOKERS, FAMILIES, HEALTH CARE, HEALTH FACILITIES, HEALTH RISKS, HEALTH WARNINGS, HEART DISEASE, ILL HEALTH, LAWS, LOW BIRTH WEIGHT, LOW BIRTH WEIGHT INCIDENCE, NATIONAL TOBACCO CONTROL EFFORTS, NET JOB LOSSES, NICOTINE, NICOTINE ADDICTION, NICOTINE REPLACEMENT, NON-PRICE MEASURES, NUTRITION, PACK INFORMATION, PHYSICIANS, POTENTIAL SMOKERS, PREMATURE DEATH, PREVENTIVE MEDICINE, PRICE INCREASES, PRICE RISE, PROMOTION OF TOBACCO, PUBLIC HEALTH, PUBLIC PLACES, PUBLIC SPACES, RESEARCH PROGRAMS, RESPIRATORY DISEASES, SCHOOLS, SECOND-HAND SMOKE, SMOKE-FREE WORKPLACES, SMOKER, SMOKERS, SMOKERS NUMBER, SMOKING, SMOKING IN PUBLIC, SMOKING INITIATION, SMOKING PREVALENCE, SMOKING RATES, SOCIAL ISSUES, SOCIAL NORMS, SOCIAL PRESSURES, SOCIETAL ATTITUDES, SUPPLY-SIDE MEASURE, TAXES ON CIGARETTES, TOBACCO, TOBACCO ADVERTISING, TOBACCO CONTROL, TOBACCO DEATHS, TOBACCO FARMING, TOBACCO INDUSTRY, TOBACCO PREVALENCE STUDIES, TOBACCO PREVENTION, TOBACCO PRICE/CONSUMPTION RELATIONSHIP, TOBACCO PRODUCT DESCRIPTORS, TOBACCO PRODUCT PRICE INCREASES, TOBACCO PRODUCT SALES, TOBACCO PRODUCTS, TOBACCO PRODUCTS FALLS, TOBACCO SMOKE, TOBACCO SMUGGLING, TOBACCO TAX, TOBACCO TAX INCREASES, TOBACCO TAXES, TOBACCO USE, TRADE RESTRICTIONS, VENDING MACHINES, WARNING LABELS, YOUNG PEOPLE, YOUTH, YOUTH ACCESS RESTRICTIONS, YOUTH ACCESS TO TOBACCO, YOUTH GROUPS HEALTH IMPACTS, TOBACCO, HEALTH HAZARDS, SMOKING, POVERTY INCIDENCE, PREMATURE DEATH, DISEASE CONTROL, DISEASE PREVENTION & CONTROL, PRICE INCREASES, RESTRICTIONS, HEALTH WARNINGS, INFORMATION DISSEMINATION, ADDICTION, NICOTINE, ECONOMIC POLICY POLITICAL ASPECTS, SOCIAL PRESSURE, INTEREST GROUPS