Pathogen dynamism and variability of rice yellow mottle virus in Kenya

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dc.creatorKigaru, Antony
dc.creatorNganga, Everlyne M.
dc.creatorMurori, Rosemary
dc.creatorPappu, Hanu R.
dc.creatorRuno, Steven
dc.creatorAteka, Elijah M.
dc.date2025-03-25
dc.date2025-04-30T06:48:18Z
dc.date2025-04-30T06:48:18Z
dc.date.accessioned2026-06-27T04:14:51Z
dc.descriptionRice yellow mottle disease (RYMD) continues to constrain rice production in Africa. Rice yellow mottle virus (RYMV), which belongs to the <jats:italic>Sobemovirus</jats:italic> genus, is the causal agent of RYMD. In Kenya, previous studies on RYMV mostly focused on western Kenya, ignoring the central and coastal regions, which are also important areas for rice cultivation in the country. This has resulted in incomplete data on RYMD outbreaks. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of RYMD in the farmers' fields, and the genetic diversity of the RYMV based on the coat protein gene. Field surveys were carried out in Kenya's rice-growing regions between May and July 2023 to determine disease incidences using the IRRI Standard Evaluation Scale (SES) for rice. Symptom observations and serological tests confirmed the presence of RYMV in all surveyed rice cultivation areas. The presence of RYMV was detected in Kirinyaga, Tana River, and Taita Taveta counties of Kenya, representing the field report of its occurrence in these regions. Disease incidence and severity analysis using one-way ANOVA showed no significant difference in RYMD incidence among the rice irrigation schemes (F (6,29) = 1.838, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic> = 0.1265). Sequencing results of the coat protein gene (ORF4 region) revealed that the RYMV isolates in this study could be classified as S4ke, S4ug, and S4mg strains in the East Africa lineage. The discovery of the RYMV strain S4mg in Kenya runs counter to the gradual strain of breaking up and moving away that has been established in Africa over the past two centuries. Results showed that RYMV is present in all the rice-growing regions under study and exhibits intra-strain diversity in Kenya. Incorporating resistance genes into extensively grown rice cultivars is crucial for preventing the spread of the rice yellow mottle virus.
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/174389
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/26448
dc.languageen
dc.publisherSpringer
dc.rightsOpen Access
dc.sourceKigaru, Antony, Everlyne M. Nganga, Rosemary Murori, Hanu R. Pappu, Steven Runo, and Elijah M. Ateka. "Pathogen dynamism and variability of rice yellow mottle virus in Kenya." Phytopathology Research 7, no. 43 (2025): 16 p.
dc.subjectrice yellow mottle virus
dc.subjectplant diseases
dc.subjectvirus diseases
dc.subjectgenetic diversity
dc.subjectdisease resistance
dc.subjectepidemiology
dc.subjectserological techniques
dc.subjectsymptoms
dc.subjectcoat proteins
dc.subjectevaluation
dc.subjectfield experimentation
dc.subjectsustainable agriculture
dc.subjectplant breeding
dc.titlePathogen dynamism and variability of rice yellow mottle virus in Kenya
dc.typeJournal Article

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Instituto Internacional de Investigación del Arroz (IRRI)