Greening of the dried bottom of the Aral Sea in Uzbekistan
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The urgent greening and restoration of degraded landscapes in drylands is essential if the global community is to meet the challenges posed by desertification, food insecurity, rising temperatures, and biodiversity loss, among other negative trends.In particular, drylands in the Central Asian Region (CAR) are under immense pressure and frequently undermined in the process of development. Forest degradation, induced by both natural and anthropogenic factors, is causing changes in species composition, soil degradation, and loss of social benefits. In addition to human-induced factors, natural changes in climatic conditions, compounded by unsustainable land use, have exacerbated the magnitude of land degradation. Furthermore, aridity is expected to increase across the entire CAR, especially in the western parts of Uzbekistan, consequently affecting food security, water stress, and human health.Desertification is thus considered a key issue in land rehabilitation as indicated by decreasing greening areas, declining ground vegetation cover, and decreasing soil productivity. Shifting sand dunes have been reported to affect about one million ha of land in Uzbekistan. The drying up of the Aral Sea and a generally drier climate account for the progressive desertification in Uzbekistan. Potential mitigating measures include preventing salt-dust transfer on the dried bottom of the Aral Sea, improving the sanitary and environmental situation in the Aral Sea region, creating favorable conditions for the development of animal and plant species, and improving the food supply in the interband area of protective forest plantations.The objective of this paper is to represent the protective forest plantation on the dried bottom of the Aral Sea with the aim of fixing the shifting sands on the Aral Sea. The Uzbek governmentinitiative to green the Aral Sea Basin will result in an improved ecological and socio-economic situation in the region, reduction in wind erosion, fixation of moving sand dunes, minimizationof deflation processes (removal of salt, dust and sand) from the protected area, and improved air quality, which is aimed at improving the health of the community.Keywords: Deforestation and forest degradation, Landscape management, Human health and well-being, Landscape management, PartnershipsID: 3623972