How Can Safety Nets Contribute to Economic Growth?
No hay miniatura disponible
Fecha
Autores
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
World Bank, Washington, DC
Resumen
Descripción
The paper provides an up-to date and
selective review of the literature on how social safety nets
contribute to growth. The evidence is carefully chosen to
show how safety nets have the potential to overcome
constraints on growth linked to market failures, and is
organized into 4 distinct pathways: i) encouraging asset
accumulation by changing incentives and by addressing
imperfections in financial markets caused by constraints in
obtaining credit, and from information asymmetries;
overcoming such failures helps households to invest into
their human capital or productive assets; ii) failures in
insurance markets especially in low income setting; safety
nets are assisting in managing risk both ex post and ex
ante; iii) safety nets are overcoming failure to create
assets and other local economy complementary factors to
household-level investments; iv) safety nets are shown to
relax political constraints on policy. Safety nets have a
dual objective of directly alleviating poverty through
transfers to the poor and of triggering higher growth for
the poor. However, the trade-off between the dual objectives
of equity and growth is not eliminated by the potential for
productive safety nets; this remains critical for designing
social policies.
Palabras clave
ACCESS TO INSURANCE, ACCOUNTING, AGRICULTURAL INSURANCE, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY, ALLOCATIVE EFFICIENCY, ASYMMETRIC INFORMATION, ATTRITION, BANK ACCOUNT, BENEFICIARIES, BENEFICIARY, BENEFIT SYSTEM, BLOCK GRANTS, CAPACITY BUILDING, CASH CROPS, CASH ECONOMY, CASH SUPPORT, CASH TRANSFER, CASH TRANSFER PROGRAMS, CASH TRANSFERS, CHILD BENEFIT, CHILD GROWTH, CHILD LABOR, CHILD NUTRITION, CHRONIC POVERTY, COMMUNITY ASSETS, CONDITIONAL CASH, CONDITIONAL TRANSFER, CONDITIONAL TRANSFERS, CONFLICT, CONSUMPTION SMOOTHING, COST EFFECTIVENESS, COVARIATE SHOCKS, CREDIT ACCESS, CREDIT CONSTRAINT, CREDIT CONSTRAINTS, CREDIT MARKETS, DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS, DROUGHT, ECONOMIC CRISIS, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMIC RECOVERY, ECONOMIC SHOCK, EMERGENCY FOOD, EMPLOYMENT STATUS, ENTREPRENEURSHIP, EXPENDITURE, EXPORTER, EXTENDED FAMILIES, EXTERNALITIES, EXTREME POVERTY, FARMERS, FEE WAIVERS, FINANCIAL CRISIS, FINANCIAL MARKETS, FIXED COSTS, FLOW OF INFORMATION, FOOD AID, FOOD PROGRAM, FOOD SECURITY, FOOD SUBSIDIES, FREE TRADE, GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM, GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES, GOVERNMENT POLICY, GOVERNMENT SPENDING, GRANTS TO SCHOOLS, HEALTH CLINIC, HEALTH PROGRAM, HOUSEHOLD ALLOCATION, HOUSEHOLD INCOME, HUMAN CAPITAL, HUMAN CAPITAL INVESTMENT, HUMAN CAPITAL INVESTMENTS, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, HUMAN RESOURCES, INCOME, INCOME DISTRIBUTION, INCOME GAINS, INCOME GROWTH, INCOME SHOCKS, INCOME SMOOTHING, INCOME SUPPORT, INCOME TRANSFER, INCOMPLETE MARKETS, INDICATOR TARGETING, INEQUALITY, INFORMATION ASYMMETRIES, INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT, INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT, INSTRUMENT, INSURANCE, INSURANCE MARKETS, INTERNATIONAL BANK, INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY, IRRIGATION, LABOR ALLOCATION, LABOR DEMAND, LABOR DISINCENTIVES, LABOR FORCE, LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION, LABOR INTENSIVE WORKS, LABOR MARKET, LABOR MARKET PROGRAMS, LABOR SUPPLY, LAND MANAGEMENT, LEVY, LIQUIDITY, LIQUIDITY CONSTRAINTS, LIVESTOCK OWNERSHIP, LIVING STANDARDS, LOCAL ECONOMIES, LOCAL ECONOMY, LOCAL FARMERS, LOCAL INFRASTRUCTURE, LOSS OF INCOME, MALNUTRITION, MARGINAL COSTS, MARKET DEVELOPMENT, MARKET ECONOMY, MARKET FAILURES, MICRO-ENTERPRISES, MICRO-FINANCE, MIGRATION, MORAL HAZARD, MOTIVATION, NUTRITIONAL STATUS, OLD AGE, OLD AGE PENSION, OPPORTUNITY COST, OUTPUTS, PENSIONS, POLITICAL CONSTRAINTS, POLITICAL ECONOMY, POLITICAL PARTICIPATION, POLITICAL SUPPORT, POOR, POOR AREAS, POOR COUNTRIES, POOR HOUSEHOLDS, POVERTY ALLEVIATION, POVERTY REDUCTION, POVERTY TRAPS, PRECAUTIONARY SAVINGS, PREVENTATIVE HEALTH, PRICE DISTORTIONS, PRICE SUBSIDIES, PRINCIPAL-AGENT PROBLEM, PRODUCTIVE ASSETS, PRODUCTIVITY, PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH, PROFITABILITY, PROPENSITY TO SAVE, PUBLIC ASSET, PUBLIC ASSISTANCE, PUBLIC POLICY, PUBLIC RESOURCE, PUBLIC TRANSFERS, PUBLIC WORKS, PUBLIC WORKS PROGRAMS, RAINFALL INSURANCE, REMITTANCES, RESOURCE ALLOCATION, RETURN, RETURN ON INVESTMENT, RETURNS, RISK AVERSION, RISK MANAGEMENT, RISK REDUCTION, RISK TAKING, RURAL, RURAL PUBLIC, SAFETY, SAFETY NET, SAFETY NET PROGRAMS, SAFETY NET TRANSFERS, SAFETY NETS, SAFETY ROPE, SAFETY ROPES, SAVINGS, SCHOOL ATTENDANCE, SCHOOL ENROLLMENT, SCHOOL FEEDING, SCHOOL FEEDING PROGRAMS, SEARCH COSTS, SERVICE PROVIDERS, SHARE OF BENEFITS, SOCIAL CAPITAL, SOCIAL COHESION, SOCIAL INSURANCE, SOCIAL POLICIES, SOCIAL POLICY, SOCIAL PROGRAM, SOCIAL PROGRAMS, SOCIAL PROTECTION, SOCIAL SAFETY NETS, SOCIAL SECURITY, SOCIAL TRANSFER, SOCIAL TRANSFERS, SUBSIDIZING, TARGETED TRANSFERS, TARGETING, TAX, TRADE REFORMS, TRANSFER INCOME, TRANSFER PROGRAM, TRANSFER PROGRAMS, TRANSFER RECIPIENTS, UNEMPLOYED, UNEMPLOYMENT, UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS, UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE, VULNERABLE CHILDREN, WAGES, WATER AVAILABILITY, WEATHER RISK, WELFARE PROGRAMS, WELFARE STATE, WORK FORCE, WORK INCENTIVES, WORKFARE, WORKS PROGRAM, WORKS PROJECT