Agent Orange and the Prevalence of Cancer among the Vietnamese Population 30 Years after the End of the Vietnam War
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During the Vietnam War, more than 70
million liters of military herbicide were sprayed over the
combat zone. This study uses self and proxy-reported data on
cancer status obtained from a nationally representative
health survey of the Vietnamese population (N=158,019),
combined with measures of military herbicide exposure
computed from detailed information on US and allied wartime
military activities. No significant difference in the
prevalence of reported cancer is detected between communes
with some degree of exposure and those with none. When
restricting the analysis to exposed communes and adopting a
continuous measure of herbicide exposure, there is evidence
of a dose-response relationship; among communes that were
exposed, increasing exposure to past military spraying is
associated with increasing prevalence of reported cancer in
2001-2002. There is mixed evidence as to whether cohorts
born before or after the end of the spraying campaigns are
equally affected.
Palabras clave
AGENT ORANGE, AIR FORCE, ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION, ARMY, BLOOD PRESSURE, BODY WEIGHT, BOMBING, BREAST CANCER, CASUALTIES, CHEMICALS, CIVIL WAR, CIVIL WARS, CIVILIAN POPULATIONS, COMBAT, CONFLICT, DIABETES, DIOXIN, DIOXINS, DISABILITY, DISEASE, DISEASE CONTROL, DISEASES, EARLY CHILDHOOD, ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY, ECONOMIC GROWTH, EFFECTS OF EXPOSURE, ENERGY CONSUMPTION, EPIDEMIOLOGY, EPILEPSY, HEALTH CARE, HEALTH CONDITIONS, HEALTH CONSEQUENCES, HEALTH EFFECTS, HEALTH OUTCOMES, HOSPITAL, HOUSEHOLD SIZE, ILLNESSES, INDIVIDUAL HEALTH, INFORMATION SYSTEM, LEUKEMIA, LIVING STANDARDS, LUNG CANCER, LYMPHOMA, LYMPHOMAS, MALNUTRITION, MEDICINE, MENTAL HEALTH, MIGRATION, MILITARY ASSISTANCE, MILITARY MISSIONS, MILITARY OPERATIONS, MILITARY SERVICE, MINISTRY OF HEALTH, MORBIDITY, MORTALITY, NATURAL RESOURCES, OCCUPATIONAL RISK, OUTPATIENT CARE, PATIENTS, PEACE, PEACE ACCORDS, PEACE RESEARCH, PESTICIDES, PLAGUE, POLICY RESEARCH, POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER, POLLUTION, POPULATION MOVEMENTS, POWDER, PREVALENCE, PROGRESS, PROSTATE, PROSTATE CANCER, PUBLIC HEALTH, RESEARCH EFFORTS, RESPECT, RISK FACTORS, SARCOMA, SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE, SCREENING, SMOKING, SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS, SODIUM, SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION, SPOUSE, STRATEGIC BOMBING, SYMPTOMS, URBAN AREAS, UROLOGY, VD, VETERANS, VICTIMS, VIETNAM WAR, VIOLENCE, WAR, WARFARE, WARS, WARTIME, WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION