Jobs, Growth, and Governance in the Middle East and North Africa

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dc.creatorWorld Bank
dc.date2016-03-31T16:23:47Z
dc.date2016-03-31T16:23:47Z
dc.date2003
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-01T01:30:40Z
dc.descriptionThis report identifies the following as the fundamental challenges and changes that the Middle East and Africa must meet and make in order to improve living standards over the next two decades: Between eighty and one hundred million new jobs to be created by 2020. Economic growth to be lifted from a sluggish 3.4 percent over the late 1990s to at least 6-7 percent a year. Governance to move from traditional autocracies to more inclusive governments, accountable to the people. Women to be more equitably included in economic activity and to harness the significant potential economic benefits from an increasingly educated and healthy female population. Public sectors to open the door to more private initiative. Economies dependent on oil and workers' remittances to diversify into manufacturing and services. Closed trading regimes to integrate with new trading partners in the region and the world. Impossible? No. Imperative? Yes. The political imperatives for such change and the stability of the old order are two opposing forces. The balance is shifting toward the need for reform as joblessness and slow growth make the old order increasingly costly and unsustainable.
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dc.formattext/plain
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dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2003/01/6130795/jobs-growth-governance-middle-east-north-africa-unlocking-potential-prosperity
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/23981
dc.identifierhttps://doi.org/10.1596/23981
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/418758
dc.languageEnglish
dc.languageen_US
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.rightsWorld Bank
dc.subjectACCOUNTABILITY
dc.subjectACCOUNTING
dc.subjectAGING
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION
dc.subjectAQUIFERS
dc.subjectAVERAGE LEVEL
dc.subjectBUDGET DEFICITS
dc.subjectCENTRAL PLANNING
dc.subjectCITIZENS
dc.subjectCIVIL SOCIETY
dc.subjectCONSOLIDATION
dc.subjectCOUNTRY AVERAGE
dc.subjectDEBT
dc.subjectDEFICITS
dc.subjectDEMOGRAPHICS
dc.subjectDIRECT INVESTMENT
dc.subjectDISCRIMINATION
dc.subjectDIVIDENDS
dc.subjectECONOMIC ACTIVITY
dc.subjectECONOMIC CHANGE
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectECONOMIC INSTRUMENTS
dc.subjectECONOMIC POLICIES
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION
dc.subjectEXCHANGE RATE
dc.subjectEXPENDITURES
dc.subjectEXTERNAL ACCOUNTABILITY
dc.subjectFAMILIES
dc.subjectFINANCIAL SECTOR
dc.subjectFINANCIAL SERVICES
dc.subjectFINANCIAL STABILITY
dc.subjectFINANCIAL SYSTEMS
dc.subjectGIRLS
dc.subjectGOOD GOVERNANCE
dc.subjectGOVERNANCE CHALLENGES
dc.subjectGOVERNANCE PROCESSES
dc.subjectGOVERNANCE QUALITY
dc.subjectGOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES
dc.subjectGROWTH RATE
dc.subjectGROWTH RATES
dc.subjectHEALTH CARE
dc.subjectHEALTH INDICATORS
dc.subjectHIGH UNEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectHOUSING
dc.subjectILLITERACY
dc.subjectIMPORTS
dc.subjectIMPROVING GOVERNANCE
dc.subjectINCOME
dc.subjectINCOME GROWTH
dc.subjectINCOME INEQUALITY
dc.subjectINFANT MORTALITY
dc.subjectINFLATION
dc.subjectINSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS
dc.subjectINSTITUTIONAL REFORM
dc.subjectINSURANCE
dc.subjectINTERNAL ACCOUNTABILITY
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL TRADE
dc.subjectINVESTMENT CLIMATE
dc.subjectLABOR FORCE
dc.subjectLABOR MARKETS
dc.subjectLABOR SUPPLY
dc.subjectLIFE EXPECTANCY
dc.subjectLIVING STANDARDS
dc.subjectMACROECONOMIC IMBALANCES
dc.subjectMACROECONOMIC PERFORMANCE
dc.subjectMACROECONOMIC STABILITY
dc.subjectMACROECONOMIC STABILIZATION
dc.subjectMIDDLE EAST
dc.subjectMIDDLE INCOME COUNTRY
dc.subjectMIGRATION
dc.subjectNATIONAL POLICIES
dc.subjectNEW ENTRANTS
dc.subjectNORTH AFRICA
dc.subjectOIL
dc.subjectOIL PRICES
dc.subjectOIL RESERVES
dc.subjectOIL SECTOR
dc.subjectOPPORTUNITY COSTS
dc.subjectPER CAPITA INCOMES
dc.subjectPOLITICAL ECONOMY
dc.subjectPOLITICAL STRUCTURES
dc.subjectPOPULATION GROWTH
dc.subjectPRIVATE SECTOR
dc.subjectPRIVATIZATION
dc.subjectPRODUCERS
dc.subjectPRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectPRODUCTIVITY GROWTH
dc.subjectPROPERTY RIGHTS
dc.subjectPUBLIC EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectPUBLIC EXPENDITURES
dc.subjectPUBLIC HEALTH
dc.subjectPUBLIC OFFICIALS
dc.subjectPUBLIC SECTOR
dc.subjectPUBLIC SERVICES
dc.subjectREAL PRICES
dc.subjectRULE OF LAW
dc.subjectSERVICE DELIVERY
dc.subjectSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectSOCIAL GROUPS
dc.subjectSOCIAL POLICIES
dc.subjectSOCIAL POLICY
dc.subjectSOCIAL PROGRAMS
dc.subjectSOCIAL SECURITY
dc.subjectSOCIAL SERVICES
dc.subjectSOCIOECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectSTATE ENTERPRISES
dc.subjectSTREAMS
dc.subjectSUBSIDIARY
dc.subjectSUSTAINABLE WATER
dc.subjectTAX REFORMS
dc.subjectTAXATION
dc.subjectTRANSPARENCY
dc.subjectTRANSPORT
dc.subjectUNEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectUNEMPLOYMENT RATES
dc.subjectURBAN AREAS
dc.subjectWAGES
dc.subjectWATER POLLUTION
dc.subjectWATER PRICING
dc.subjectWATER SUPPLY
dc.subjectWATER USE
dc.subjectWORKERS
dc.subjectWORKING CONDITIONS
dc.subjectWORKPLACE
dc.subjectYOUNG WORKERS
dc.titleJobs, Growth, and Governance in the Middle East and North Africa
dc.titleUnlocking the Potential for Prosperity
dc.typeReport
dc.typeRapport
dc.typeInforme

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