Financing Energy Efficiency Measures for Residential Building Stock : Scaling Up Energy Efficiency in Buildings in the Western Balkans
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World Bank Group, Washington, DC
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Within the Western Balkans region, a
secure energy supply is critical to sustaining economic
growth. Currently, the region relies heavily on imported
hydrocarbons and maintains high energy intensity relative to
Gross Domestic Product, or GDP. This places a huge burden on
companies, which require affordable and reliable
infrastructure services to be competitive; the public
sector, which spends significant budgetary resources on
energy; and households, which have to pay a high portion of
their income for energy services. As energy pricing is
further rationalized, a higher burden will be placed on all
sectors, especially poorer households. The residential
sector is a significant energy consumer. Its share of total
final energy consumption ranges from 28 percent to 32
percent (compared with the EU average of 27 percent). Fairly
simple renovations such as insulation, heating system
upgrades, and improvements to windows and lighting could
reduce consumption in this sector by some 9 percent, with
payback periods generally less than 8 years. Such
improvements could help ease the impact of future tariff
increases while helping reduce the region's projected
energy supply and demand gap.
Palabras clave
ACCESS TO FINANCING, ACCESS TO INFORMATION, ADMINISTRATIVE BURDEN, AFFORDABILITY, AFFORDABLE FINANCING, AGRICULTURAL SECTOR, AGRICULTURAL SECTORS, AIR, AIR POLLUTION, AIR QUALITY, ALLOWANCES, ANNUAL EMISSIONS, APPLIANCE STANDARDS, APPLICATION PROCEDURES, APPROACH, AVAILABILITY, BANK FINANCING, BANK LENDING, BANK LOANS, BARRIERS TO ENERGY EFFICIENCY, BIOMASS, BOILERS, BORROWING, BUILDING MATERIALS, CARBON, CASH FLOW, CASH FLOWS, CITIES, CLEAN ENERGY, CLIMATE, CLIMATE CHANGE, CLIMATE-CHANGE, CO, CO2, COAL, COGENERATION, COLLATERAL, COMMERCIAL BANK, COMMERCIAL BANKS, COMPACT FLUORESCENT BULBS, CONDENSATION, CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY, CONSUMPTION OF FUEL, COOPERATIVES, COST-BENEFIT, CREDIT LINE, CREDIT LINES, CREDITWORTHINESS, CROSS-SUBSIDIES, CUSTOMER BASE, CUSTOMER BASES, DISPOSABLE INCOME, DISTRICT HEATING, DUST, ECONOMIC ACTIVITY, ECONOMIC GROWTH, EDUCATED CONSUMERS, EFFICIENT LIGHTING, ELECTRIC HEATERS, ELECTRICITY, ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION, ELECTRICITY PRICES, ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION, ELECTRICITY TARIFF, ELIGIBLE APPLICANTS, EMISSION, EMISSIONS, EMPLOYMENT, ENERGY AUDIT, ENERGY AUDITING, ENERGY BALANCE, ENERGY BILLS, ENERGY CONSUMPTION, ENERGY COST SAVINGS, ENERGY COSTS, ENERGY EFFICIENCY, ENERGY EFFICIENCY FINANCE, ENERGY EFFICIENCY INVESTMENTS, ENERGY EFFICIENCY MEASURES, ENERGY IMPORTS, ENERGY PRICING, ENERGY SAVINGS, ENERGY SECURITY, ENERGY SERVICE COMPANY, ENERGY SERVICES, ENERGY SOURCES, ENERGY SUBSIDIES, ENERGY SUPPLY, ENERGY USE, ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS, EQUIPMENT SUPPLIERS, EQUITY CONTRIBUTIONS, FINANCES, FINANCIAL ANALYSIS, FINANCIAL CONTRIBUTIONS, FINANCIAL CRISIS, FINANCIAL INCENTIVES, FINANCIAL INSTITUTION, FINANCIAL INSTRUMENT, FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS, FINANCIAL MECHANISMS, FINANCIAL RESOURCES, FINANCIAL SUPPORT, FINANCIAL TOOLS, FOSSIL, FOSSIL FUEL, FOSSIL FUELS, GAS BOILERS, GAS PRICES, GHGS, GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT, GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILITY, GREY MARKET, GUARANTEE SCHEMES, HARMFUL EMISSIONS, HEAT, HEAT GENERATION, HEAT METERING, HEAT METERS, HEAT PRODUCTION, HEAT PUMPS, HEAT RECOVERY, HEAT SUPPLY, HEAT TRANSFER, HEATING ENERGY, HEATING SYSTEM, HEATING SYSTEMS, HIGH ENERGY INTENSITY, HIGHER ENERGY PRICES, HOME IMPROVEMENTS, HOMEOWNER, HOMEOWNERS, HOT WATER, HOUSEHOLD INCOMES, HOUSEHOLDS, HOUSING, HYDROCARBONS, IMPORTS, INCOME GROUPS, INCOME HOUSEHOLDS, INEQUALITIES, INTEREST RATE, INTEREST RATES, INVESTMENT DECISIONS, INVESTMENTS IN ENERGY, JOB CREATION, JOB OPPORTUNITIES, JOBS, LACK OF ACCESS, LACK OF AWARENESS, LACK OF INFORMATION, LACK OF KNOWLEDGE, LOAN, LOAN AMOUNT, LOAN GUARANTEE, LOAN GUARANTEES, LOCAL ENVIRONMENT, LOW-INCOME HOUSEHOLDS, LOWER PRICES, MARKET PENETRATION, NATURAL GAS, NOX, OIL, OIL EQUIVALENT, OUTREACH, PEAK LOADS, PENALTIES, PENETRATION RATES, POLLUTANTS, POWER, POWER SYSTEMS, PRIVATIZATION, PROPERTY RIGHTS, PUBLIC EDUCATION, PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP, REAL ESTATE, RENEWABLE ENERGY, RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES, REPAYMENT, RESIDENTIAL BUILDING, RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS, RESIDENTIAL CONSUMERS, RESIDENTIAL ENERGY, RESIDENTIAL ENERGY USE, RESIDENTIAL SECTORS, RETROFITTING, REVOLVING FUND, REVOLVING FUNDS, SELF-FINANCING, SO2, SOFT LOANS, SOLAR SYSTEMS, SOLAR THERMAL, SOLAR THERMAL COLLECTORS, SOLAR WATER HEATERS, SOLAR WATER HEATING, SOLAR WATER HEATING SYSTEMS, SUPPLY SIDE, TARGETED SUBSIDIES, TAX CODE, TAX CREDIT, TAX CREDITS, TAX PAYMENTS, TAX REBATE, TAX REDUCTIONS, TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE, TECHNICAL SUPPORT, TEMPERATURE, UNION, URBAN DEVELOPMENT, UTILITIES, UTILITY BILL, UTILITY BILLS, UTILITY PROGRAMS, VOLUNTARY AGREEMENTS, WATER HEATING