Anemia and micronutrient status of women of childbearing age and children 6–59 months in the Democratic Republic of the Congo

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dc.creatorHarvey-Leeson, Sarah
dc.creatorKarakochuk, Crystal D.
dc.creatorHawes, Meaghan
dc.creatorTugirimana, Pierrot L.
dc.creatorBahizire, Esto
dc.creatorAkilimali, Pierre Z.
dc.creatorMichaux, Kristina D.
dc.creatorLynd, Larry D.
dc.creatorWhitfield, Kyly C.
dc.creatorMoursi, Mourad
dc.creatorBoy, Erick
dc.creatorFoley, Jennifer
dc.creatorMcLean, Judy
dc.creatorHoughton, Lisa A.
dc.creatorGibson, Rosalind S.
dc.creatorGreen, Tim J.
dc.date2016-02-25
dc.date2024-06-21T09:06:42Z
dc.date2024-06-21T09:06:42Z
dc.date.accessioned2026-06-27T15:20:33Z
dc.descriptionLittle is known about the micronutrient status of women and children in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, which is critical for the design of effective nutrition interventions. We recruited 744 mother-child pairs from South Kivu (SK) and Kongo Central (KC). We determined hemoglobin (Hb), serum zinc, vitamin B12, folate, ferritin, soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR), retinol binding protein (RBP), C-reactive protein, and α-1 acid glycoprotein concentrations. Anemia prevalence was determined using Hb adjusted for altitude alone and Hb adjusted for both altitude and ethnicity. Anemia prevalence was lower after Hb adjustment for altitude and ethnicity, compared to only altitude, among women (6% vs. 17% in SK; 10% vs. 32% in KC), children 6–23 months (26% vs. 59% in SK; 25% vs. 42% in KC), and children 24–59 months (14% vs. 35% in SK; 23% vs. 44% in KC), respectively. Iron deficiency was seemingly higher with sTfR as compared to inflammation-adjusted ferritin among women (18% vs. 4% in SK; 21% vs. 5% in KC), children 6–23 months (51% vs. 14% in SK; 74% vs. 10% in KC), and children 24–59 months (23% vs. 4% in SK; 58% vs. 1% in KC). Regardless of indicator, iron deficiency anemia (IDA) never exceeded 3% in women. In children, IDA reached almost 20% when sTfR was used but was only 10% with ferritin. Folate, B12, and vitamin A (RBP) deficiencies were all very low (<5%); RBP was 10% in children. The prevalence of anemia was unexpectedly low. Inflammation-adjusted zinc deficiency was high among women (52% in SK; 58% in KC), children 6–23 months (23% in SK; 20% in KC), and children 24–59 months (25% in SK; 27% in KC). The rate of biochemical zinc deficiency among Congolese women and children requires attention.
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/146342
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/101623
dc.languageen
dc.publisherMDPI
dc.rightsOpen Access
dc.sourceHarvey-Leeson, Sarah; Karakochuk, Crystal D.; Hawes, Meaghan; Tugirimana, Pierrot L.; Bahizire, Esto; Akilimali, Pierre Z.; Michaux, Kristina D.; Lynd, Larry D.; Whitfield, Kyly C.; Moursi, Mourad; Boy, Erick; Foley, Jennifer; McLean, Judy; Houghton, Lisa A.; Gibson, Rosalind S.; and Green, Tim J. 2016. Anemia and micronutrient status of women of childbearing age and children 6–59 months in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Nutrients 8(2): 98. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu8020098
dc.subjectferritin
dc.subjectanaemia
dc.subjectdeficiency diseases
dc.subjectgender
dc.subjecthaemoglobin
dc.subjecttrace elements
dc.subjectinflammation
dc.subjectiron deficiency
dc.subjectwomen
dc.titleAnemia and micronutrient status of women of childbearing age and children 6–59 months in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
dc.typeJournal Article

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Instituto Internacional de Investigación sobre Políticas Alimentarias (IFPRI)