After ten years of readiness, risks, and challenges ahead for implementation of REDD+ in Nepal
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After a decade of readiness for REDD+, Nepal has signed the Emission Reduction Payment Agreement (ERPA) with the World Bank under the Carbon Fund of the Forest Carbon Partnership Facility (FCPF) in February 2021. After signing the agreement, Nepal has entered the implementation phase of the REDD+ and is one of the 15 REDD+ countries to do so until September 2021. When Government of Nepal, decided to participate in the REDD+ initiative in 2010, there was some confusion and reluctance among most of the other stakeholders. The situation slowly changed, and all stakeholders hoped that REDD+ would be beneficial for the country in many aspects. This resulted successful implementation of the 1st phase of readiness and approval of the 2nd phase readiness grant. Nepal’s Emission Reduction Program Document (ER-PD) for the 13 Terai Arc Landscape districts was approved by the Carbon Fund in June 2018.
Seven interventions proposed in the ER-PD are being implemented formally for the Emission Reduction program since July 2021. This study critically analyzes the risks and challenges ahead for implementation of the REDD+ in Nepal. The study was based mostly on review of various legal instruments, capacity of government institutions and other stakeholders including indigenous people and local communities (IPLCs) and field level consultations. The study revealed that there are some risks for the REDD+ implementation in coming years. Conflicts between the federal and State governments on rights and authority to manage forest resources and likelihood of policy shift to the traditional management of forest resources instead of production oriented SFM practices envisioned by the ER-PD is a big risk. Private sector is not very enthusiastic to participate in the program as their concerns are not addressed.
Furthermore, dominance by the forestry sector may hinder the prospect of active involvement of other sectors such as agriculture. There are also some technical challenges and benefit sharing may also be a very contentious.
Keywords: Climate change, REDD+, Forest Carbon, Forest Governance; Benefit sharing
ID: 3485323