International Guidelines for Transboundary Shipments of Irradiated Sterile Insects
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Transboundary shipments of irradiated sterile insects have taken place on a regular basis since the sterile insect technique (SIT) was first developed. Currently, this includes tephritid fruit fly pests, moths, new world screwworm, tsetse and mosquitoes. The SIT is under development for other species that may be included in future transboundary shipments. In 2022, the total number of sterile insects shipped was estimated at over 1 trillion in more than 20 000 shipments to 26 recipient countries from 14 sterile insect production facilities. During a period of almost 60 years, only very few problems associated with shipping live sterile insects across borders have been recorded. This includes one case in 2003 of non-irradiated New World screwworm that were shipped to a specific location for field release. There were no significant consequences because of the effective implementation of a contingency plan. The objective of these guidelines is to facilitate the formulation of more appropriate and harmonized regulatory frameworks for safe and timely transboundary shipments of irradiated sterile insects for SIT development and application.