20 Years of HIV in Bangladesh
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World Bank, Washington, DC
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This report synthesizes data from
surveillance, behavioral surveys and published and
unpublished research to better understand emerging patterns
and trends in the HIV epidemic in Bangladesh. Taking stock
of 20 years of experience with HIV in Bangladesh, this
report summarizes what is known about the coverage and
impact of HIV prevention services, including knowledge on
risk and protective behaviors. The report is divided into
nine chapters. Chapter one provides a brief introduction and
an overview of the methodology used for this exercise.
Chapter two discusses the risks and vulnerabilities of the
high risk groups including female sex workers, injecting
drug users, male who have sex with male, hijra and
overlapping populations, while chapter three discusses the
trend of the infection amongst partners of high risk groups.
Bangladesh continues to report low condom use, which is
analyzed and discussed in chapter four. Structural factors
including macro level and intermediate level factors that
affect HIV interventions in Bangladesh are addressed in
chapter five. The national HIV response is discussed in
chapter six. The report concludes with a discussion of the
main findings, with recommendations for the future in
chapter seven, and chapter eight and nine are annexes and references.
Palabras clave
ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME, ADDICTION, ADOLESCENT, ADOLESCENT CLIENTS, AGE DISTRIBUTION, AGED, AIDS COMMITTEE, AIDS PREVENTION, AIDS PROGRAM, ANTHROPOLOGICAL STUDY, ANTIBODIES, BEHAVIOR CHANGE, BEHAVIORAL RISK, BEHAVIORAL RISK FACTORS, BEHAVIORAL SURVEILLANCE, BLOOD DONATIONS, BLOOD SUPPLY, BROTHELS, CARE PROVIDERS, CLINICAL SERVICES, CLINICS, COHORT STUDIES, COMMERCIAL SEX, CONDOM, CONDOM PROMOTION, CONDOM USE, CONDOMS, CONSISTENT CONDOM USE, CULTURAL PRACTICES, DETOXIFICATION, DIAGNOSIS, DISCRIMINATION, DISEASES, DISSEMINATION, DRUG DEPENDENCE, DRUG INJECTING, DRUG MISUSE, DRUG SELLERS, DRUG TREATMENT, DRUG USE, DRUG USER, DRUG USERS, EARLY CHILDHOOD, EPIDEMIC, EPIDEMICS, EPIDEMIOLOGY, FAMILIES, FAMILY HEALTH, FAMILY HEALTH INTERNATIONAL, FAMILY WELFARE, FEMALE PARTNERS, FEMALE SEX PARTNERS, FEMALE SEX WORKERS, FEMALES, FIRST SEX, FORCED SEX, GENDER NORMS, GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENTS, HARM REDUCTION, HEALTH EDUCATION, HEALTH FACILITIES, HEALTH SECTOR, HEALTH SERVICES, HEALTH SYSTEM, HEPATITIS, HEPATITIS B, HEPATITIS C, HEROIN USE, HERPES, HERPES SIMPLEX, HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS, HIGH RISK GROUPS, HIV, HIV INFECTION, HIV INFECTIONS, HIV POSITIVE, HIV POSITIVE PEOPLE, HIV PREVENTION, HIV TESTING, HIV TRANSMISSION, HIV/AIDS, HOME VISITS, HOMELESSNESS, HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS, ILLNESS, IMMUNE DEFICIENCY, IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME, IMMUNODEFICIENCY, INDIGENOUS PEOPLE, INFECTION RATE, INFECTIONS, INJECTING DRUG USERS, INJECTING DRUGS, INJECTION EQUIPMENT, INTERNATIONAL MIGRANT, INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION, INTERVENTION, LEGAL STATUS, LEGAL SUPPORT, LIFE SKILLS, LIFE SKILLS EDUCATION, LIKELIHOOD OF CONDOM USE, LOCAL COMMUNITIES, LOW PREVALENCE, MALARIA, MALE CLIENTS, MALE SEX, MALE SEX PARTNERS, MARITAL SEX, MARITAL STATUS, MENTAL HEALTH, MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES, MIGRANT WORKERS, MIGRANTS, MIGRATION, MINISTRY OF HEALTH, MOSQUITO BITES, MULTIPLE PARTNERS, MULTIPLE SEX PARTNERS, NATIONAL AIDS, NATIONAL AIDS CONTROL, NATIONAL PLANS, NATIONAL POLICIES, NEEDLES, NEW INFECTIONS, NUTRITION, OPINION LEADERS, OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS, OUTREACH WORKER, OUTREACH WORKERS, PARTNER NOTIFICATION, PARTNER REFERRAL, PATIENTS, PEER EDUCATION, PERPETRATORS OF VIOLENCE, PHARMACEUTICALS, PHYSICAL ABUSE, PHYSICAL VIOLENCE, POPULATION GROUPS, POPULATION SECTOR, PREMARITAL SEX, PREVALENCE OF INFECTIONS, PREVALENCE RATE, PREVALENCE RATES, PREVENTION EFFORTS, PREVENTION INFORMATION, PRIMARY HEALTH CARE, PRINT MEDIA, PRISONS, PROGRESS, PROVISION OF SERVICES, RADIO, RECREATIONAL FACILITIES, REHABILITATION, RISK BEHAVIOR, RISK BEHAVIORS, RISK FACTORS, RISK POPULATIONS, RISKY BEHAVIORS, RISKY INJECTION, RISKY SEX, SAFE BEHAVIORS, SCHOOLS, SECONDARY SCHOOLS, SERVICE DELIVERY, SERVICE PROVIDER, SERVICE PROVIDERS, SERVICE PROVISION, SEX, SEX PARTNERS, SEX TRADE, SEX WITH MEN, SEX WORKER, SEXUAL ABUSE, SEXUAL BEHAVIORS, SEXUAL PARTNERS, SEXUAL RELATIONS, SEXUAL RISK, SEXUAL RISK BEHAVIORS, SEXUAL RISK BEHAVIOUR, SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE, SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES, SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTION, SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS, SMOKERS, SMOKING, SOCIAL EXCLUSION, SOCIAL FACTORS, SOCIAL MARKETING, SOCIAL NETWORKS, SOCIAL WELFARE, SPOUSE, SPOUSES, STD, STERILE INJECTION EQUIPMENT, STIS, STREET CHILDREN, SUBSTITUTION THERAPY, SUPPORT FOR PEOPLE, SURVEILLANCE DATA, SUSCEPTIBILITY TO INFECTION, SYMPTOMS, SYPHILIS, SYRINGES, TELEVISION, TRAINING HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS, TUBERCULOSIS, UNAIDS, UNFPA, UNMARRIED MALES, UNPROTECTED SEX, UNSAFE SEX, USE OF CONDOMS, VOLUNTARY COUNSELING, VOLUNTARY TESTING, VULNERABILITY, YOUNG AGE, YOUNG PEOPLE, YOUTH