Nature-based tourism governance as one of the innovative approaches to protected area management and governance
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Nature-based tourism (NBT) is treated as one of the crucial income-generating opportunities for the local communities who are directly and indirectly depended on the natural resources of the protected areas of Bangladesh. Being a multi-stakeholder-based business, NBT development and practice in the ecologically sensitive forest-based protected areas is encapsulated as a complex phenomenon which have further been aggravated due to the application of co-management approach (CMA). CMA is as an alternative management approach to the protected areas of Bangladesh. The CMA is enticing a paradigm shift in protected area management which is basically designed to promote biodiversity conservation through improving its governance and creating income generating opportunities particularly for the local resource user groups. The study explored that NBT governance performs a vital role in ensuring the management and governance of protected areas. Several governance dimensions (participation, accountability, transparency, power, rules of law, and social learning) were studied to analyse how the management and governance of protected areas were persuaded considering CMA as a shared governance approach. The findings of the case study showed that each of the governance dimensions of NBT positively influenced the management and overall governance of Lawachara National Park which facilitated the acceptance and applicability of NBT not only as an income generating opportunity but also a tool to promote the management and governance of the Park. There were many challenges (like lack of trained human resource, incentives, monitoring and tourism management strategies, coordination among the concerned stakeholders, and so on) to practice NBT in a systematic way. Addressing these challenges effectively are expected to further improve the tourists’ experiences as well as the hosts’ experiences that will ultimately improve the overall management and governance status of protected areas.
Keywords: nature-based tourism; co-management approach; shared governance; protected area management; complexities
ID: 3486697