Activating and Increasing Employability of Specific Vulnerable Groups in Bulgaria
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The Bulgarian labor market has suffered
from the economic crisis, and cyclical unemployment has
turned into structural unemployment. The labor market crisis
is amplified by demographic change as the young and skilled
labor force emigrates, aggravating a skills mismatch.
Vulnerable groups are served by up to five different
agencies, depending on the type of services required: the
(1) public employment service; (2) social assistance agency;
(3) national security institute; (4) ministry of education;
and (5) national and territorial expert medical commissions.
Cooperation between the labor offices, the social assistance
directorates and municipalities is focused mainly on
administrative functions and rule enforcement, rather than
on labor market inclusion and promotion. This report reviews
the design and implementation of activation policies for
social assistance recipients and other highly disadvantaged
groups in Bulgaria. The report starts by providing an
overview of recent labor market trends, including the impact
of the economic crisis on the labor market, in general, and
on vulnerable groups, in particular. Chapter two describes
and analyses the institutional setting for the design and
implementation of Bulgaria's activation strategy and
policies, as well as institutional capacity and cooperation
between institutions. Chapter three analyses the impact of
the benefit system on activation. Chapter four reviews the
activation process and the implementation of the mutual
obligation principle and the targeting of services provided
to disadvantaged groups. Chapter five reviews active labor
market programs and investigates to what extent these
programs are targeted towards disadvantaged groups, which
types of programs are prioritized, as well as reviewing the
development of funding for active measures and programs.
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