The Historical Foundations of the Narcotic Drug Control Regime
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World Bank, Washington, DC
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This paper outlines the institutional
history of the international narcotic drug control regime.
It details the evolution of the control system, from its
foundations at the beginning of the twentieth century - a
period of mass, unregulated narcotic drug use - to the
current period. The paper argues that the contemporary
control model is ill-positioned to address the dynamic and
rapidly changing nature of the global narcotics trade. The
persistence of anachronistic guiding first principles,
specifically the utopian idea of prohibition, is identified
as the key impediment to the adoption of a more humane and
effective policy approach. But while there is growing
pressure for a revision of founding ideas, this is not
supported by a host of powerful actors that includes the
United States.
Palabras clave
ABUSE, ACCOUNTING, ADDICTION, ALCOHOL, AMPHETAMINES, ANALGESIC, ANALGESICS, ANESTHESIA, BAN, BARBITURATES, BATTLE, BULLETS, CANNABIS, CERTIFICATES, CERTIFICATION, CIVIL WAR, COCAINE, COCAINE USE, CODEINE, COMBATANTS, COMMODITIES, CONFLICT, CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES, CONVENTION, CONVICTION, CRACK, CRIME, CRIME CONTROL, CRIME PREVENTION, CRIMINAL, CRIMINAL LAW, CRIMINAL LAWS, CRIMINALITY, DANGEROUS DRUGS, DANGEROUS SUBSTANCES, DEATHS, DIPLOMACY, DRUG ABUSE, DRUG ADDICTS, DRUG CONSUMPTION, DRUG CONTROL PROGRAM, DRUG CONTROL TREATIES, DRUG DEPENDENCE, DRUG LEGISLATION, DRUG MARKETS, DRUG POLICIES, DRUG POLICY, DRUG TESTING, DRUG TRADE, DRUG TRAFFIC, DRUG TRAFFICKERS, DRUG TRAFFICKING, DRUG USE, DRUG USERS, EMBARGO, EXTRADITION, FLAG, FOREIGN POLICY, FOUNDATIONS, GRAVE, GREAT POWERS, HALLUCINOGENS, HEROIN, ILLICIT DRUG, ILLICIT DRUG TRADE, ILLICIT DRUGS, INFORMATION EXCHANGE, INTEGRITY, INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENT, INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS, INTERNATIONAL BANK, INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY, INTERNATIONAL CONTROL, INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION, INTERNATIONAL CRIME, INTERNATIONAL LAW, INTERNATIONAL MARKET, INTERNATIONALIZATION, KHAT, MARIJUANA, MEDICAL TREATMENT, MEDICAL VALUE, MEDICATION, MEDICINE, MEDICINES, MEETING, METHADONE, MILITARIZATION, MORPHINE, MORPHINE ADDICTION, NARCOTIC, NARCOTIC DRUG, NARCOTIC DRUG CONTROL, NARCOTIC DRUGS, NARCOTICS, NARCOTICS CONTROL, NATIONS, NEGOTIATIONS, OFFENDERS, OPIATE, OPIATE ADDICTION, OPIATE ADDICTS, OPIATE USE, OPIATES, OPIUM, OPIUM DENS, OPIUM PRODUCTION, OPIUM TRADE, PAPAVER, PEACE, PEACE AGREEMENTS, PENAL SANCTIONS, PETHIDINE, PEYOTE, PHARMACEUTICAL, PHARMACEUTICAL SECTOR, PHARMACY, POLICE, POPPIES, PRESCRIPTION, PSYCHOTROPIC SUBSTANCES, RAPISTS, RECONSTRUCTION, REHABILITATION, REVOLUTION, SELFMEDICATION, SMOKING, SMUGGLERS, SOCIAL PROBLEM, SOCIAL REINTEGRATION, SOLDIER, SOUTH AMERICA, SOUTH AMERICAN, STIMULANTS, TOBACCO, TRAFFICKING, WARS, WEST EUROPEAN, WESTERN EUROPE