Market Conditions for Biomass-to-Energy Projects in Ukraine
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International Finance Corporation, Kiev
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The structure of the Ukrainian
biomass-to-energy market is taking shape. The supply side of
the market is represented by the forestry and wood
processing companies and crop and animal farms that are
sources of biomass. Pellet producers process available waste
into pellets. Boilers for burning biomass are available in
the market from either local producers or importers.
Biomass-to-energy facilities produce electricity and/or heat
for a variety of users (industrial, commercial, and
residential). In some cases, users generate electricity
and/or heat for their own use. In others, (private or
municipal) electricity/heat producers sell to end-users
directly or through the power grid. Biomass-to-energy
facilities may use biomass only or in combination (co-fired)
with other fuels (oil, gas, or coal). Demand for
biomass-to-energy initiatives has been growing in Ukraine,
being driven by the motivation of cost savings and increased
efficiency. In the short term, the share of heat suppliers
using biomass boilers could grow up to 63 of all the
surveyed players. Despite the expanding share of municipal
heat suppliers using biomass boilers in the total number of
companies, the share of biomass in the overall volume of
fuel consumed by the surveyed entities remains low (14
percent). The most common fuel is natural gas, with a share
of 80 percent in the total volume of fuel used by municipal
heat suppliers. Additionally, the shortage of biomass of
required quality is considered the main risk when it comes
to implementing biomass-to-energy projects. The shortage of
biomass and the growing demand for it pushes prices up,
which increases the cost of a project and the uncertainty
regarding the investment payback period.
Palabras clave
AGRICULTURAL WASTE, EMPLOYMENT, MANURE, POWER GRID, ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOURCE, RAW MATERIAL, FOSSIL FUELS, AIR QUALITY, BIOMASS FUEL, DISTRICT HEATING, DISTRICT HEATING SYSTEMS, HEATING SYSTEMS, VEHICLES, ACTIVITIES, BURNERS, GENERATION, RETAIL ELECTRICITY, ENERGY SOURCE, EMISSIONS, LIQUID FUELS, BIOGAS, BIOMASS TECHNOLOGIES, ENERGY GENERATION, GAS, ETHANOL, WOOD DENSITY, PRICE, CLEANER, BIOMASS POWER, WOOD BIOMASS, BIOGAS PRODUCTION, BOILERS, HEAT PRODUCTION, BIOMASS, CAPACITY UTILIZATION, AMOUNT OF POWER, TRADITIONAL FUEL, BED BOILERS, HEATING ENERGY, CONVERSION OF BIOMASS, OIL, POWER GENERATION, BIOMASS RESOURCES, ENERGY SOURCES, SUSTAINABLE ENERGY, POWER SECTOR, RAW MATERIALS, BOILER, OPTIONS, RETAIL CUSTOMERS, PRODUCTION OF ENERGY, ELECTRICITY SUPPLY, ALTERNATIVE FUELS, RAW BIOMASS, WOOD WASTE, PELLETS, FUELS, OPEN-FIELD BURNING, BIOMASS USAGE, GREENHOUSE GASES, GASIFICATION, HEAT ENERGY, ENERGY CONSUMPTION, EMISSION, PEAK LOAD, ENERGY OUTPUT, GAS PROJECTS, RESIDUAL WASTE, WOOD CHIPS, HEAT, BIOMASS FEEDSTOCK, DISTRICT HEAT, ALTERNATIVE ENERGY, ENERGY NEEDS, GAS BOILERS, POWER, PELLET PRODUCTION, ELECTRICITY, USAGE OF BIOMASS, PRICES FOR COAL, AGRICULTURAL RESIDUES, SUPPLY OF BIOMASS, POLLUTANTS, ELECTRICITY GENERATION, BIOMASS FOR ENERGY PRODUCTION, SOLID BIOMASS, ENERGY STRATEGY, COST OF ENERGY, ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE, ENERGY USE, ENERGY PRODUCTION, PRIMARY ENERGY, POWER PRODUCTION, ENERGY EFFICIENCY, RAW WOOD, NATURAL GAS, BIOMASS ENERGY, COMBUSTION, FEEDSTOCK, GENERATION OF ELECTRICITY, TRANSMISSION LINE, INVESTMENT, NITROGEN, ELECTRICITY PRICE, ASH CONTENT, BIOMASS GASIFICATION, COAL, OPEN BURNING, TARIFF, ENERGY MANAGEMENT, FUEL, RENEWABLE ENERGY USE, CHEMICAL CONTENT, DRY TONS OF BIOMASS, AVAILABILITY, FACILITIES, INVESTMENTS, BULK DENSITY, BIOMASS UTILIZATION, BRIQUETTES, WOOD PELLET PRODUCTION, ENERGY CROPS, RENEWABLE ENERGY, RENEWABLE POWER, GASES, BURNING BIOMASS, HEAT SUPPLY, BIOMASS FOR ENERGY, HEAT GENERATION, FOSSIL, WOOD PELLETS, PRICES, APPROACH, RENEWABLE ENERGY INSTALLATIONS, POWER PLANT, ENERGY