Private Voluntary Health Insurance in Development : Friend or Foe?
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Washington, DC: World Bank
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This volume presents findings of a World
Bank review of the existing and potential role of private
voluntary health insurance in low- and middle-income
countries and is the third volume in a series of reviews of
health care financing. Also, this volume is about managing
risk. Not the risk of national or man-made disasters but the
risk of illness. The developing world is plagued by many of
the historical scourges of poverty: infectious disease,
disability, and premature death. As countries pass through
demographic and epidemiological transition, they face a new
wave of health challenges from chronic diseases and
accidents. In this respect, illness has both a predictable
and an unpredictable dimension. Contributors to this volume
emphasize that the public sector has an important role to
play in the health sector, but they demonstrate that the
private sector also plays a role in a context in which
private spending and delivery of health services often
composes 80 percent of total health expenditure. Managing
risks in the private sector begins at the household level.
Private voluntary health insurance is merely an extension of
such nongovernmental ways to deal with the risk of illness
and its impoverishing effects in low- and middle-income
countries. The authors examine frameworks for analyzing
health financing and health insurance. They conclude that
most studies are hampered by lack of data on the impact of
private voluntary health insurance on broad social goals,
such as financial protection. They find no overall consensus
on the impact of voluntary health insurance on public health
activities or on the quality, innovation, and efficiency of
personal health services.
Palabras clave
ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE, ADEQUATE CARE, ADVERSE SELECTION, APPLICABLE LAW, CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS, CARE ACCESS, CHRONIC DISEASES, COLLECTION OF CONTRIBUTIONS, COMMUNITY HEALTH, COMMUNITY RATING, CONSUMERS, COST SHARING, COST-EFFECTIVENESS, DELIVERY OF HEALTH SERVICES, DEMAND FOR HEALTH, DEMAND FOR INSURANCE, DISASTERS, DRUG ADMINISTRATION, FAMILIES, FEASIBILITY STUDIES, FINANCIAL CONSEQUENCES, FINANCIAL IMPACT, FINANCIAL MARKETS, FINANCIAL PROTECTION, FINANCIAL REPORTING, FINANCIAL RESOURCES, FINANCIAL RISK, FINANCING HEALTH CARE, FORMAL LABOR MARKET, GROUP INSURANCE, HEALTH CARE, HEALTH CARE FINANCING, HEALTH CARE INSURANCE, HEALTH CARE SYSTEM, HEALTH ECONOMICS, HEALTH EXPENDITURE, HEALTH EXPENDITURES, HEALTH FINANCING, HEALTH INSURANCE, HEALTH INSURANCE COVERAGE, HEALTH INSURANCE INDUSTRY, HEALTH INSURANCE MARKET, HEALTH INSURANCE MARKETS, HEALTH INSURANCE PLANS, HEALTH INSURANCE REGULATION, HEALTH INSURANCE SCHEMES, HEALTH INSURANCE SYSTEM, HEALTH INSURERS, HEALTH MAINTENANCE, HEALTH PLAN, HEALTH PLAN EMPLOYER DATA, HEALTH PLANS, HEALTH SECTOR, HEALTH SERVICE PROVIDERS, HEALTH SERVICES, HEALTH SPENDING, HEALTH SYSTEM, HEALTH SYSTEMS, HEALTHCARE, HOSPITALS, INCOME HOUSEHOLDS, INFLATION, INFORMAL SECTOR, INFORMAL SECTOR WORKERS, INSURANCE ARRANGEMENTS, INSURANCE EXPENDITURES, INSURANCE MARKETS, INSURANCE REGULATIONS, INSURANCE RESERVES, INSURANCE SYSTEMS, INSURERS, INTERNATIONAL FINANCE, INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS, LIBERALIZATION, LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES, MARKET FAILURES, MEDICAL ASSOCIATION, MEDICAL INSURANCE, MEDICAL SYSTEM, MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY, MIDDLE EAST, MORAL HAZARD, MORBIDITY, MORTALITY, NATIONAL HEALTH, NATIONAL HEALTH SERVICE, NORTH AFRICA, NUTRITION, POCKET PAYMENT, POCKET PAYMENTS, PREMIUMS, PREPAYMENT SCHEMES, PRIVATE HEALTH INSURANCE, PRIVATE INSURANCE, PRIVATE INSURANCE MARKETS, PRIVATE INSURERS, PRIVATE SECTOR, PRIVATE SPENDING, PROGRAMS, PUBLIC EXPENDITURE, PUBLIC HEALTH, PUBLIC HEALTH CARE, PUBLIC HEALTH INSURANCE, PUBLIC HOSPITALS, PUBLIC INSURANCE, PUBLIC SECTOR, RATES, REGULATORY FRAMEWORK, REINSURANCE, RISK AVERSION, RISK MANAGEMENT, RISK SHARING, SAVINGS, SLUMS, SOCIAL CAPITAL, SOCIAL EXCLUSION, SOCIAL HEALTH INSURANCE, SOCIAL INSURANCE, SOCIAL INSURANCE SYSTEMS, SOLVENCY, SOLVENCY REQUIREMENTS, SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA, SURGERY, WALKING, WESTERN EUROPE, WORKERS