Vietnam's Labor Market Institutions, Regulations, and Interventions
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World Bank, Washington, DC
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Over the past 30 years, Vietnam has
experienced significant shifts of employment away from
agriculture toward manufacturing and services, away from
household enterprises toward registered and regulated
businesses, and away from state-owned enterprises toward
private firms. This paper argues that for these processes to
continue in the future, appropriately designed and
implemented labor market policies need to be in place,
including labor market regulations that protect workers but
do not inhibit creative destruction and creation of formal
sector jobs; labor market interventions that improve
workers' human capital, eliminate information
asymmetries, and are fiscally sustainable; and labor market
institutions that give voice to workers and employers. As a
part of all of these measures, Vietnam will also have to
renew its efforts to integrate vulnerable groups into the
labor market.
Palabras clave
UNION MEMBERSHIP, JOBS, EMPLOYMENT, AVERAGE UNEMPLOYMENT, INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS, LABOR POLICIES, UNPAID FAMILY WORKERS, PASSIVE LABOR, WAGE GAP, INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS SYSTEMS, HIGH UNIONIZATION, MINIMUM WAGE, FOREIGN-OWNED FIRMS, COLLECTIVE DISMISSALS, PROTECTING WORKERS, EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES, LABOR TURNOVER, LABOR FORCE, UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE BENEFITS, PUBLIC SERVICES, PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT, INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS SYSTEM, COMPENSATION PACKAGE, JOB, LABOR MARKET REGULATION, WAGE SET, HOUSEHOLD ENTERPRISES, NATIONAL UNEMPLOYMENT, PAYING JOBS, WAGE LEVEL, EMPLOYMENT PROGRAMS, TRAINING PROGRAMS, LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION, LABOR MARKET POLICIES, MOBILITY OF LABOR, EMPLOYMENT SEARCH, PASSIVE” UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS, WAGE GROWTH, ACTIVE LABOR, ACTIVE” LABOR MARKET PROGRAMS, ACTIVE” LABOR, UNION DENSITIES, EARNINGS INEQUALITY, LABOR MARKET, BARGAINING SYSTEM, PRODUCTIVITY IMPROVEMENTS, PRIVATE FIRM, LABOR COSTS, INFORMAL ECONOMY, EMPLOYMENT POLICIES, PRIVATE SECTOR WORKERS, DISPLACEMENT, WORKER, PASSIVE LABOR MARKET PROGRAMS, ACTIVE LABOR MARKET, LABOR UNIONS, ACTIVE” LABOR MARKET, LABOR PRODUCTIVITY, UNEMPLOYED, JOB LOSS, LABOR POLICY, EARNINGS LOSSES, WAGE POLICIES, INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS PRACTICES, LABOR CONTRACTS, UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE, LABOR, BARGAINING MECHANISMS, JOB SEARCH, LABOR MOVEMENT, LABOR MARKET INTERVENTIONS, REGULAR WORKERS, MINIMUM WAGES, WAGE LEVELS, FEMALE LABOR, ACTIVE LABOR MARKET POLICIES, PERMANENT WORKERS, UNEMPLOYMENT, AVERAGE WAGES, COLLECTIVE DISMISSAL, PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH, HUMAN CAPITAL, WORKERS, UNION DENSITY, LABOR MARKET PROGRAMS, YOUNG WORKERS, UNEMPLOYMENT RATE, EMPLOYMENT PROTECTION LEGISLATION, HOUSEHOLD ENTERPRISE, ACTIVE LABOR MARKET PROGRAMS, WAGE INEQUALITY, AVERAGE WAGE, WAGE RATES, WAGE SUBSIDIES, STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES, CREATIVE DESTRUCTION, PRIVATE FIRMS, LABOR MARKET INSTITUTIONS, LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES, JOB CREATION, LABOR RELATIONS, PRIVATE SECTOR, PUBLIC WORKS, COLLECTIVE BARGAINING, LABOR MARKET PERFORMANCE, MANPOWER, SKILLED LABOR, MANAGEMENT, LABOR ORGANIZATION, SERVICE SECTORS, JOB SEARCH ASSISTANCE, WAGE OBSERVATION, DISMISSAL, WORKING CONDITIONS, UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE SYSTEM, HUMAN RESOURCES, FEMALE LABOR FORCE, LABOR MARKET REGULATIONS, LABORERS, EMPLOYEE, EMPLOYMENT OUTLOOK, CONSUMER PRICE INDEX, UNSKILLED WORKERS, UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS, WAGE EARNER, WAGE DISTRIBUTION, LABOUR, LABOR MARKETS, PUBLIC SERVICE, PRIVATE SECTORS, WAGE EMPLOYMENT, ABSENTEEISM, JOB DISPLACEMENT, PRIVATE ENTERPRISE, EMPLOYEES