Minority Status and Labor Market Outcomes : Does India Have Minority Enclaves?

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dc.creatorDas, Maitreyi Bordia
dc.date2012-06-01T16:02:26Z
dc.date2012-06-01T16:02:26Z
dc.date2008-06
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-01T01:21:53Z
dc.descriptionThis paper uses data from the 61st Round of the National Sample Survey to understand the employment outcomes of Dalit and Muslim men in India. It uses a conceptual framework developed for the US labor market that states that ethnic minorities skirt discrimination in the primary labor market to build successful self-employed ventures in the form of ethnic enclaves or ethnic labor markets. The paper uses entry into self-employment for educated minority groups as a proxy for minority enclaves. Based on multinomial logistic regression, the analysis finds that the minority enclave hypothesis does not hold for Dalits but it does overwhelmingly for Muslims. The interaction of Dalit and Muslim status with post-primary education in urban areas demonstrates that post-primary education confers almost a disadvantage for minority men: it does not seem to affect their allocation either to salaried work or to non-farm self-employment but does increase their likelihood of opting out of the labor force - and if they cannot afford to drop out, they join the casual labor market. Due to the complexity of these results and the fact that there are no earnings data for self-employment, it is difficult to say whether self-employment is a choice or compulsion and whether builders of minority enclaves fare better than those in the primary market.
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.formattext/plain
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2008/06/9592751/minority-status-labor-market-outcomes-india-minority-enclaves
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/6868
dc.identifierhttps://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-4653
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/417419
dc.languageEnglish
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.relationPolicy Research Working Paper No. 4653
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.rightsWorld Bank
dc.subjectACCESS TO CAPITAL
dc.subjectACCESS TO INFORMATION
dc.subjectAFFIRMATIVE ACTION
dc.subjectAVAILABILITY OF CREDIT
dc.subjectCARPENTERS
dc.subjectCASUAL WORKERS
dc.subjectCLERKS
dc.subjectCREDIT MARKETS
dc.subjectDISABLED
dc.subjectDISCRIMINATION
dc.subjectDOMESTIC WORKERS
dc.subjectEARNINGS
dc.subjectECONOMICS
dc.subjectEDUCATED MEN
dc.subjectEDUCATED WOMEN
dc.subjectEDUCATION LEVEL
dc.subjectEDUCATION LEVELS
dc.subjectEMPLOYEE
dc.subjectEMPLOYERS
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT INCREASE
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT OUTCOMES
dc.subjectENTREPRENEURS
dc.subjectENTREPRENEURSHIP
dc.subjectETHNIC GROUP
dc.subjectETHNIC GROUPS
dc.subjectETHNIC MINORITIES
dc.subjectEXPLOITATION
dc.subjectEXTERNALITIES
dc.subjectFARM ENTERPRISE
dc.subjectFARMERS
dc.subjectFEMALE LABOR
dc.subjectFEMALE LABOR FORCE
dc.subjectFORMAL LABOR MARKET
dc.subjectHIGHER EDUCATION
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD SIZE
dc.subjectHUMAN BEINGS
dc.subjectHUMAN CAPITAL
dc.subjectIMMIGRANT
dc.subjectIMMIGRANTS
dc.subjectIMMIGRATION
dc.subjectINCOME
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL BANK
dc.subjectJOB SECURITY
dc.subjectJOBS
dc.subjectLABOR FORCE
dc.subjectLABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION
dc.subjectLABOR MARKET
dc.subjectLABOR MARKET EXPERIENCES
dc.subjectLABOR MARKET OUTCOMES
dc.subjectLABOR MARKETS
dc.subjectLABORERS
dc.subjectLABOUR
dc.subjectLABOUR MARKET
dc.subjectLACK OF ACCESS
dc.subjectLEVELS OF EDUCATION
dc.subjectMARITAL STATUS
dc.subjectMERCHANTS
dc.subjectMINORITY
dc.subjectMINORITY GROUPS
dc.subjectMOTIVATION
dc.subjectNON-FARM EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectNON-FARM SECTOR
dc.subjectOCCUPATIONS
dc.subjectOWNERSHIP OF LAND
dc.subjectPOLICY RESEARCH
dc.subjectPOLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER
dc.subjectPOPULATION ASSOCIATION
dc.subjectPOPULATION GROUPS
dc.subjectPREVIOUS WORK
dc.subjectPRIMARY EDUCATION
dc.subjectPRIVATE SECTOR
dc.subjectPRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectPROGRESS
dc.subjectPROSTITUTES
dc.subjectPUBLIC EDUCATION
dc.subjectPUBLIC EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectPUBLIC SECTOR JOBS
dc.subjectPUBLIC SECTOR ­ JOBS
dc.subjectPUBLIC SERVICE
dc.subjectPUBLIC WORKS
dc.subjectREGULAR JOBS
dc.subjectRELIGIOUS GROUPS
dc.subjectRURAL AREAS
dc.subjectRURAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectSALARIED EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectSCHOLARSHIP
dc.subjectSECONDARY EDUCATION
dc.subjectSELF EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectSELF- EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectSELF-EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectSMALL BUSINESSES
dc.subjectSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectSOCIAL EXCLUSION
dc.subjectSOCIAL INEQUALITY
dc.subjectSOCIAL MOBILITY
dc.subjectSOCIAL NETWORKS
dc.subjectSOCIAL PRESSURE
dc.subjectSOCIAL PROBLEMS
dc.subjectSOCIAL STATUS
dc.subjectSOCIOECONOMIC STATUS
dc.subjectSOCIOLOGISTS
dc.subjectSPOUSE
dc.subjectSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectSUSTAINABLE GROWTH
dc.subjectUNEMPLOYED
dc.subjectUNEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectURBAN AREAS
dc.subjectVILLAGES
dc.subjectWAGE EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectWAGES
dc.subjectWORKERS
dc.titleMinority Status and Labor Market Outcomes : Does India Have Minority Enclaves?

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