Brazil : Growth and Poverty Reduction in Pernambuco
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Washington, DC
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Despite its origin as one of the
pioneering and richest states of Brazil, Pernambuco today
has a history of slower economic growth than Brazil as a
whole. Pernambuco began as a sugar producing state and the
expansion of sugar production led its economic development
until the mid 1600s. Then Pernambuco declined, as sugar
production became more profitable elsewhere in the world. It
is estimated that, since 1939, the first year for which we
have regionalized GDP data, Pernambuco's growth rate
has been slower than Brazil's average. Although poverty
data is much more recent, the story provided by the
available data is that since the early 1980s, Pernambuco has
made little or no headway in reducing absolute poverty.
These facts motivate the present report, which focuses on 1)
analyzing, in collaboration with the Government of
Pernambuco, economic growth and poverty in the State; and 2)
identifying policies that can enhance economic growth and
reduce poverty while improving fiscal performance. These two
themes govern the structure of the report, with the first
chapter focusing on growth and poverty reduction performance
and the second chapter focusing on policies to improve those
performances. The remainder of this introductory section
provides some historical and geographical background of the state.
Palabras clave
POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGIES, CRIMES, POLICY FRAMEWORK, PERFORMANCE, DEVELOPMENT POLICY, INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT, PRIVATE INVESTMENTS, EDUCATIONAL POLICY, LABOR POLICY, SOCIAL PROTECTION SYSTEMS, ILLITERACY RATES, SERVICE DELIVERY ABSOLUTE POVERTY, ACCOUNTING, AVAILABLE DATA, AVERAGE GROWTH RATE, BASIC EDUCATION, BORROWING, BUDGET CONSTRAINTS, CIVIL SOCIETY, CLIMATE, COMMUNITY HEALTH, COST RECOVERY, CRIME, CURRENCY UNIT, DEBT, DEBT SERVICE, DEPENDENCY RATIO, DEVELOPMENT POLICIES, DEVELOPMENT POLICY, ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES, ECONOMIC ACTIVITY, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE, ECONOMIES OF SCALE, ELECTRICITY, EMPLOYMENT, EXCHANGE RATE, FAMILIES, FARMS, FISCAL PERFORMANCE, GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, HEADCOUNT RATIO, HEALTH OUTCOMES, HEALTH POLICY, HEALTH SERVICES, HOUSEHOLD INCOME, HOUSEHOLD SIZE, HOUSEHOLD SURVEY, HUMAN CAPITAL, ILLITERACY, INCOME, INFANT MORTALITY, INFECTIOUS DISEASES, INFORMAL SECTOR, INJURIES, INTEREST COSTS, INTERNATIONAL COMPARISONS, LABOR MARKET, LONG TERM, MANAGERS, MARKET RESTRICTIONS, MEDICAL CARE, MORTALITY, MUNICIPALITIES, NATIONAL RESEARCH, NEEDS ASSESSMENT, NET WORTH, NUTRITION, PARTNERSHIP, POLICY CHANGES, POLICY FRAMEWORK, POLICY MAKERS, POPULATION GROWTH, PORTS, POVERTY LEVELS, POVERTY LINE, POVERTY REDUCTION, POVERTY REDUCTION POLICIES, POVERTY REDUCTION POLICY, PRIMARY EDUCATION, PRIVATE SECTOR, PRIVATE SECTOR INVESTMENT, PRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATION, PRODUCERS, PRODUCTIVITY, PROPERTY RIGHTS, PROTECTION POLICIES, PROVISIONS, PUBLIC BUDGET, PUBLIC EDUCATION, PUBLIC EXPENDITURE, PUBLIC EXPENDITURES, PUBLIC GOODS, PUBLIC INVESTMENT, PUBLIC INVESTMENTS, PUBLIC POLICY, PUBLIC SECTOR, PUBLIC SERVICES, REGULATORY FRAMEWORK, RESEARCH INSTITUTE, RETIREMENT, REVENUE GROWTH, REVENUE SHARING, ROADS, RURAL POVERTY, SAFETY, SCHOOL SYSTEM, SCHOOLS, SERVICE PROVIDERS, SERVICE PROVISION, SOCIAL PROTECTION, SOCIAL SECURITY, SOCIAL SERVICES, TAX, TAX SUBSIDIES, TAXATION, TEAM MEMBERS, TELECOMMUNICATIONS, TRADE LIBERALIZATION, URBAN AREAS, VICTIMS, VIOLENCE, WAGES, WATER RESOURCES, WATER SUPPLY