Reshaping Economic Geography of East Africa : From Regional to Global Integration, Volume 2. Technical Annexes
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Washington, DC
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Five East African countries Burundi,
Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania, and Uganda have made solid progress
on integrating regionally in the East African Community
(EAC) since 1999. Such advances are crucial, as integration
in East Africa has the potential for higher than usual
benefits: Burundi, Rwanda, and Uganda are landlocked, with
very high costs to their economies. Successful integration
will transform the five countries into one coastal, regional
economy, slashing such costs. Looking at the East African
integration through the lens of economic geography helps to
improve sequencing of the integration process and to develop
new policies to complement ongoing efforts, maximizing their
benefits. Reducing disparities in provision of social
services will increase the chances of workers from the
inland parts of the EAC to find jobs, especially as
administrative obstacles to labor mobility are being removed
under the Common Market Protocol. Implementing and deepening
the current program of regional infrastructure improvements
will ensure that consumers and producers throughout the
region are better connected to each other and to global
markets. Integration policies facilitating greater economic
activity in the coastal areas will help the EAC take
advantage of the global demand for manufactured goods and
thus to promote employment. That will also generate
substantial demand for services and agricultural goods
produced inland, amplifying the benefits of the customs union.
Palabras clave
ACCESSIBILITY, ACCOUNTING, AGRICULTURE, AIRPORTS, BARRIER, BENCHMARK, BILATERAL TRADE, BRIDGE, BUSINESS CYCLE, BUSINESS CYCLES, CAPITAL ACCUMULATION, CAPITAL STOCK, CHILDREN PER WOMAN, CITIZENS, COMMON MARKET, COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES, COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY, COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE, COMPETITIVENESS, CONNECTIVITY, CONSUMER PRICE INFLATION, CONSUMERS, COUNTRY DUMMIES, COUNTRY DUMMY, COUNTRY FIXED EFFECT, COUNTRY FIXED EFFECTS, COUNTRY OF ORIGIN, CROSS-BORDER TRANSACTION, CURRENCY, DEMOGRAPHIC, DEMOGRAPHIC PRESSURE, DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION, DEPENDENCY RATIO, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, DISEASES, DIVIDENDS, DOMESTIC CURRENCY, DRIVING, DUMMY VARIABLE, DUMMY VARIABLES, ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMIC INTEGRATION, ECONOMIES OF SCALE, EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT, ELASTICITIES, ELASTICITY, ELASTICITY OF SUBSTITUTION, ELDERLY, EQUIPMENT, EXCHANGE RATE, EXPENDITURE, EXPENDITURES, EXPORT PERFORMANCE, EXPORTER, EXPORTS, FERTILITY, FERTILITY DECLINE, FERTILITY RATE, FERTILITY RATES, FERTILITY TRENDS, FINANCIAL MARKET, FISCAL EFFORT, FIXED ASSETS, FORECASTS, FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT, FOREIGN INVESTORS, FOREIGN MARKETS, FREEDOM OF CHOICE, GDP PER CAPITA, GENOCIDE, GLOBAL OUTPUT, GLOBALIZATION, GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, GROWTH MODELS, GROWTH PROJECTIONS, GROWTH RATE, GROWTH RATE OF POPULATION, GROWTH RATES, HARMONIZATION, HUMAN CAPITAL, INCOME, INCOME GROWTH, INCOME LEVEL, INEFFICIENCY, INFLATION RATE, INFLATION RATES, INFRASTRUCTURE COSTS, INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT, INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT, INFRASTRUCTURE POLICIES, INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECT, INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS, INFRASTRUCTURE REFORM, INFRASTRUCTURES, INLAND WATERWAYS, INSTRUMENT, INTENSIVE INDUSTRIES, INTEREST RATE, INTEREST RATE VOLATILITIES, INTERNATIONAL COMPETITION, INTERNATIONAL TRADE, INVESTMENT IN EDUCATION, INVESTMENT PATTERNS, INVESTMENT RATES, INVESTMENT RESOURCES, JOB OPPORTUNITIES, LABOR FORCE, LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT, LEVEL OF EDUCATION, LEVELS OF EDUCATION, LIFE EXPECTANCY, LONG-DISTANCE, LONGER LIFE, MARKET INTEGRATION, MARKET PRICE, MARKET SIZE, MARKET STRUCTURES, MIGRANT, MIGRANTS, MIGRATION, MIGRATION FLOWS, MOBILITY, MONETARY POLICIES, MONETARY POLICY, MONOPOLY, MONOPOLY PROVIDER, NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS, NATIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE, NATIONAL LEVEL, NETWORK EXTERNALITIES, NETWORK EXTERNALITY, NOISE, OPEN ECONOMIES, PARTICULAR COUNTRIES, POLICY DECISIONS, POLICY MAKERS, POLITICAL PROCESS, POPULATION DIVISION, PORTFOLIO, POTENTIAL INVESTORS, POWER PARITY, PRICE FLUCTUATIONS, PRICE INCREASES, PRIVATE INFRASTRUCTURE, PRODUCTION COSTS, PRODUCTION FUNCTION, PUBLIC OPINION, PURCHASING POWER, PURCHASING POWER PARITY, RAIL, RAIL CONNECTIONS, RAILWAY, RAILWAY LINES, RAILWAYS, REAL GDP, REGIONAL AGREEMENTS, REGIONAL COOPERATION, REGIONAL DUMMIES, REGIONAL INTEGRATION, REGIONAL NETWORKS, REGIONAL TRADE, REGULATORS, REGULATORY AGENCIES, REGULATORY AGENCY, REGULATORY CAPACITY, REGULATORY CAPTURE, REGULATORY POLICY, REGULATORY REGIMES, REGULATORY SYSTEMS, REGULATORY TREATMENT, RESOURCE ALLOCATION, RISK OF EXPROPRIATION, ROAD, ROADS, ROUTE, SECONDARY EDUCATION, SERVICE PROVIDER, SHARE COEFFICIENTS, SOCIAL AFFAIRS, SPILLOVER, STOCKS, SUNK COSTS, TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE, TELECOMMUNICATIONS, TERTIARY EDUCATION, TOTAL COSTS, TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY, TRADE POLICY, TRADING, TRADING BLOCS, TRAINS, TRANSACTION COSTS, TRANSIT, TRANSPORT, TRANSPORT CORRIDORS, TRANSPORT COSTS, TRANSPORT SYSTEM, TRANSPORTATION, TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE, TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS, TREATIES, TRUE, TUNNELS, USE OF RESOURCES, VALUE ADDED, VOCATIONAL EDUCATION, VOLATILITIES, VULNERABILITY, WORLD DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS, WORLD MARKET, WORLD POPULATION, WTO, YOUNG ADULTS